Plant Details

Accepted name:: Gastrodia elata Blume [Orchidaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
capsule gastrodiae	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
gastrodia	Other	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Spp. in Primer (AHPA, 2013) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
gastrodia rhizoma	Other	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
gastrodia rhizome	Other	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)
gastrodia tuber	Other	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edn. (incl. Suppl. I and II) (2016-2019)
gastrodiae herba	Pharmaceutical	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
gastrodiae rhizoma	Pharmaceutical	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
gastrodiae tuber	Pharmaceutical	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edn. (incl. Suppl. I and II) (2016-2019)
oni-no-yagara	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
quantianma jiaonang	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
ra mo shag chen	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
ra mo shak chen	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
rhizoma gastrodiae	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
tall gastrodia	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
tall gastrodia capsules	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
tall gastrodia tuber	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
thiên ma	Other	Pl. in Trad. Med. Systems in Viet Nam (Ngoc Van & Tap, 2008)
tian ma	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
tianma	Other	Homegarden Med. Ethnobot. of Naxi in NW Yunnan (Yang et al., 2014) Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
tien ma	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
tiānmá	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
ར་མོ་ཤག་ཆེན།	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
テンマ	Other	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edn. (incl. Suppl. I and II) (2016-2019)
天麻	Other	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017) Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
还筒子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
tuber	dried tuber	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
tuber	dried tuber	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Rhizome		Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
Tuber		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Root		Homegarden Med. Ethnobot. of Naxi in NW Yunnan (Yang et al., 2014)
tuber	dried tuber	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
tuber		Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edn. (incl. Suppl. I and II) (2016-2019)
rhizome		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
rhizome		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Tubers		Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
tuber	dried tuber	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
tuber	steamed tuber	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 15th edn. (2006)
aerial parts		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
stem and rhizome		Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
tuber	steamed tuber	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
tuber		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)
rhizome	dried rhizome	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 12 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Gastrodia elata f. flavida S.Chow Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 366 (1983).
Gastrodia elata f. glauca S.Chow Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 365 (1983).
Gastrodia elata f. viridis (Makino) Makino Ill. Fl. Japan: 692 (1940).
Gastrodia elata f. alba S.Chow Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 366 (1983).
Gastrodia elata var. gracilis Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 22: 271 (1915).
Gastrodia elata var. obovata Yue J.Zhang Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 30: 1277 (2010).
Gastrodia elata f. pallens (Kitag.) Tuyama J. Jap. Bot. 31: 83 (1956).
Gastrodia elata var. pallens Kitag. Lin. Fl. Manshur.: 151 (1939).
Gastrodia elata f. pilifera Tuyama J. Jap. Bot. 17: 582 (1941).
Gastrodia elata var. viridis (Makino) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 1: 10 (1916).
Gastrodia mairei Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 105 (1913).
Gastrodia viridis Makino Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 178 (1902).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Gas TCMLIBodiaelata Bl.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gastrodia elata	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Spp. in Primer (AHPA, 2013) Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Gastrodia elata Bl.	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017) GAP Prod. of TCM Herbs in China (Zhang et al., 2010) Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gastrodia elata Bl. f. flavida S.Chow	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S.Chow	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gastrodia elata Bl. f. viridis Makino	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gastrodia elata Bluem	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)
Gastrodia elata Blume	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edn. (incl. Suppl. I and II) (2016-2019) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020) Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Medicinal Orchids of Asia (Teoh, 2016) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. in Trad. Med. Systems in Viet Nam (Ngoc Van & Tap, 2008) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Gastrodia elata Blume.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gastrodia elata var.elata	Homegarden Med. Ethnobot. of Naxi in NW Yunnan (Yang et al., 2014)

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