Plant Details

Accepted name:: Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis [Rubiaceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
buah batek	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
buah kuning	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
buah patah	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bunga china	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bunga cina	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bunga susu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bunga susun	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
cape jasmine	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
cape jasmine fruit	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010)
cape-jessamine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
capejasmine	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
capi	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
carb fruits	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
chameli	Other	Med. Pl. in Talagang, Punjab Province (Nazish Rehman et al., 2017)
charred cape jasmine fruit	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010)
cheplokpering	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
chi tur	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
chien chi	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
chih tzu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
danh-danh	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
fructus gardeniae	Pharmaceutical	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacop. of China (2005)
fructus gardeniae praeparatus	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2005)
gandharaaja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
gandharaj	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gandharaja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gardenia	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
gardenia fruit	Other	Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacop., 17th edn. (2016-2019) Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007)
gardeniae fructus	Pharmaceutical	Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacop., 17th edn. (2016-2019) Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
gardeniae fructus praeparatus	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015)
gardeniae fructus pulveratus	Pharmaceutical	Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012)
gardênia	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
gulchand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hsien chi	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
huang chih tzu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
hung chih tzu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
huáng guǒ zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
huáng zhī	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
huáng zhī zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
iteh-chi	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
jasmin	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
jasmin du cap	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jasmin-do-cabo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
jasmini	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jempiring	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jhih zih	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
jiaozhizi	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015)
kaca piring	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
kacha piring	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
kachapiring	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
kandaraja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kantaraca	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kantaracanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karinga	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
ko-kuti-nasi	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
kuchi nashi	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
kuti-nasi	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
mu tan	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
nanamt	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pechiring	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
pen ts'ao	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
powdered gardenia fruit	Other	Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012)
ramuurun	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
ramyaru	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
san che	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
san tze che	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
sang-chi-sec	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
shan chih	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
shan chih tzu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
shan hei chih	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
shan-chi-tsze	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
shuǐ zhī	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
shuǐ zhī yè	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
shān huáng zhī	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
shān zhī zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
susu kelapa	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
suvaasane malle	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suvarane malle	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
thagar	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
thagaru hoo	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
the gardin gardenia	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
thota bikki	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vaasane malle	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
whang-tsze	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
wongshij	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
yueh tao	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
zhi zi	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) TCM Pl. for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
zhizi	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
zhī zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
zhī zǐ huā	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
zhīzǐ	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
サンシシ	Other	Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacop., 17th edn. (2016-2019)
サンシシ末	Other	Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012)
山梔	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
山梔子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
山黃枝	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
山黄栀	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
木丹	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
林蘭	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
枝子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
栀子	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) TCM Pl. for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
栀子叶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
栀子根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
栀子花	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
栀子花根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
梔子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
水栀	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
水栀叶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
水栀根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
黃果子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
黃枝	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003)
黃梔子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
黄枝	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
fruit	dried ripe fruit	Pharmacop. of China (2010)
fruit	ripe fruit	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Fruit		Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
Fruit		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Flower, Fruit		Med. Pl. in Talagang, Punjab Province (Nazish Rehman et al., 2017)
fruit	dried ripe fruit	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
fruits, leaves, roots		Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
root, fruit, stem, leaves		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
fruit		Japanese Pharmacop., 17th edn. (2016-2019)
leaves, fruit		Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
fruit		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
leaf		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Fruit		Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
fruit	dried ripe fruit	Pharmacop. of China (2005)
fruit		Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006)
fruit	well ripe fruit or the fruit passed through hot water	Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007)
fruit		Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012)
fruit	well ripe fruit	Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 54 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Gardenia augusta Merr. Interpr. Herb. Amboin.: 485 (1917), nom. superfl.
Gardenia florida L. Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 305 (1762), nom. superfl.
Gardenia florida var. grandiflora (Lour.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 208 (1875).
Gardenia florida var. radicans (Thunb.) Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 15: 4 (1901).
Gardenia jasminoides var. fortuneana (Lindl.) H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 15 (1952).
Gardenia jasminoides var. grandiflora (Lour.) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 518 (1927).
Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans (Thunb.) Makino Ill. Fl. Nippon: 118 (1940).
Gardenia radicans Thunb. Gardenia: 11 (1780).
Gardenia angustifolia G.Lodd. Bot. Cab. 6: t. 512 (1821).
Gardenia angustifolia var. kosyunensis (Sasaki) Masam. Short Fl. Formosa: 202 (1936).
Gardenia augusta var. grandiflora (Lour.) Sasaki List Pl. Formosa: 380 (1928).
Gardenia augusta var. kosyunensis Sasaki Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 18: 217 (1928).
Gardenia augusta var. longisepala Masam. J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 4: 195 (1932).
Gardenia augusta var. ovalifolia (Sims) Sasaki List Pl. Formosa: 380 (1928).
Gardenia augusta f. shanpinensis F.C.Ho Trop. Pl. Taiwan 3: 289, 355 (1982), no type indicated.
Gardenia florida var. fortuneana Lindl. Edwards's Bot. Reg. 32: t. 43 (1846).
Gardenia florida var. maruba (Siebold ex Blume) Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 15: 4 (1901).
Gardenia florida f. oblanceolata Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan: 387 (1922).
Gardenia florida var. ovalifolia Sims Bot. Mag. 53: t. 2627 (1826).
Gardenia florida var. plena Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 378 (1845).
Gardenia florida f. simpliciflora Makino Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 395 (1912).
Gardenia florida f. thunbergii Makino Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 395 (1912), not validly publ.
Gardenia florida variegata Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 41: 370 (1869).
Gardenia grandiflora Siebold ex Zucc. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 55 (1846), nom. illeg.
Gardenia grandiflora Lour. Fl. Cochinch.: 147 (1790).
Gardenia jasminoides f. albomarginata H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 14 (1952).
Gardenia jasminoides f. albovariegata H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 16 (1952).
Gardenia jasminoides f. aureovariegata Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 520 (1927).
Gardenia jasminoides f. grandiflora (Lour.) Makino Ill. Fl. Nippon, ed. rev.: 117 (1949).
Gardenia jasminoides var. kosyunensis (Sasaki) Masam. Short Fl. Formosa 18: 217 (1928).
Gardenia jasminoides f. kueishanensis F.C.Ho Trop. Pl. Taiwan 3: 294, 355 (1982), no type indicated.
Gardenia jasminoides f. longicarpa Z.M.Xie & M.Okada J. Jap. Bot. 65: 123 (1990).
Gardenia jasminoides var. longisepala (Masam.) Metcalf Lingnan Sci. J. 12(4): 594 (1933).
Gardenia jasminoides var. maruba (Siebold ex Blume) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 520 (1927).
Gardenia jasminoides f. maruba (Siebold ex Blume) Nakai ex Ishii Engei Dai-jiten 2: 690 (1950).
Gardenia jasminoides f. oblanceolata (Nakai) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 520 (1927).
Gardenia jasminoides f. ovalifolia (Sims) H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 15 (1952).
Gardenia jasminoides var. ovalifolia (Sims) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 520 (1927).
Gardenia jasminoides var. plena (Voigt) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 15 (2001).
Gardenia jasminoides f. simpliciflora (Makino) Makino Ill. Fl. Nippon: 118 (1940).
Gardenia jasminoides var. variegata (Carrière) Makino in S.Ishii, Engei Dai-jiten 2: 690 (1950).
Gardenia jasminoides f. variegata (Carrière) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan, rev. ed.: 519 (1927).
Gardenia longisepala (Masam.) Masam. Mem. Fac. Sci. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 11(Bot., 4): 417 (1934).
Gardenia maruba Siebold ex Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 1015 (1826).
Gardenia pictorum Hassk. Flora 28: 234 (1845).
Gardenia radicans var. simpliciflora (Makino) Nakai in T.Nakai & G.Koidzumi, Trees Shrubs Japan: 390 (1922).
Gardenia radicans variegata Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 13: 31 (1864).
Gardenia schlechteri H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 146 (1911), nom. illeg.
Genipa florida (L.) Baill. Hist. Pl. 7: 307, 379 (1880).
Genipa grandiflora (Lour.) Baill. Hist. Pl. 7: 374 (1880).
Genipa radicans (Thunb.) Baill. Hist. Pl. 7: 379 (1880).
Jasminum capense Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 7 (1768).
Mussaenda chinensis Lour. Fl. Cochinch.: 152 (1790).
Warneria augusta L. Amoen. Acad. 4: 136, 138 (1759), genus not validly publ.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Gardenia augusta	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Gardenia augusta (L.) Merr.	Fijian Med. Pl. (Cambie & Ash, 1994) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Orders & Families of Med. Pl. in Philippines (Carag & Buot, 2017)
Gardenia augusta MERR.	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
Gardenia augusta Merr.	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia florida	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Gardenia florida L.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2019 (WHO-UMC, 2019)
Gardenia florida L. forma grandiflora Makino	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Gardenia florida L. var. radicans Makino	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Gardenia florida Linn.	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Gardenia jasminlides Ellis var. fortuniana (lindl.) Hara.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia jasminoides	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Gardenia jasminoides El-lis var. grandiflora Nakai	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) GAP Prod. of TCM Herbs in China (Zhang et al., 2010) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Japanese Pharmacop., 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacop., 16th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacop., 17th edn. (2016-2019) Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007) Med. Pl. Used by Indig. Taiwan (CCMP, 2003) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Neuraminidase Inhib. Med. Pl. in Lingnan TCM (Liu et al., 2018) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) TCM Pl. for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. Grandiflora Nakai	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. fortuniana (Lindl.) Hara	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. gran-diflora Nakai	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. grandiflora Nakai	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2019 (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2024 (WHO-UMC, 2024) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. in Talagang, Punjab Province (Nazish Rehman et al., 2017) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
Gardenia radicans	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.