Plant Details

Accepted name:

Buxus sempervirens L. [Buxaceae]

Source of taxonomy and confidence:

World Checklist: unpublished records ( )

Information about this plant:

Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
abassian boxwood	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arrayán	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996)
asaq	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
baqas	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
bosso	Other	Dizionario Delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
bossolo	Other	Dizionario Delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
box tree	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
box, common	Other	The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996)
boxtree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
boxwoodtree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
buchsbaum echter	Other	Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994)
buis	Other	Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
buje	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996)
buxbom	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
buxinho	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
buxo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
buxus sempervirens	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
caucasian boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
common box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
common or european box	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
european box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
french boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
persian boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
samshad	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shamshad	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shemshād	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
turkish boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
árvore-da-caixa	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
şimşir	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
بقس	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
شمشاد	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
عثق	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
leaf		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Seed and leaf		Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
leal		Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 59 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

synonym
Buxus myrtifolia Lam. Encycl. 1: 511 (1785).
Buxus sempervirens var. arborescens L. Sp. Pl.: 983 (1753).
Buxus sempervirens var. suffruticosa L. Sp. Pl.: 983 (1753).
Buxus angustifolia Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 2 (1768).
Buxus arborescens Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 1 (1768).
Buxus arborescens var. angustifolia (Mill.) Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. argenteovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. aureolimbo Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. aureovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus argentea Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus aurea Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus caucasica K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus colchica Pojark. Ref. Nauchno-Issl. Rabot, Otdelenie Biol. Nauk 1945: 7 (1947).
Buxus crispa K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus cucullata K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus elegantissima K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 477 (1873).
Buxus fruticosa Borkh. Rhein. Mag. Erweit. Naturk. 1: 544 (1793).
Buxus handsworthii K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus hyrcana Pojark. Ref. Nauchno-Issl. Rabot, Otdelenie Biol. Nauk 1945: 7 (1947).
Buxus marginata Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus mucronata Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 62 (1859).
Buxus rosmarinifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 62 (1859).
Buxus salicifolia K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus sempervirens var. angustifolia (Mill.) Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 262 (1821 publ. 1822).
Buxus sempervirens f. angustifolia (Mill.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens f. argenteovariegata (Weston) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens f. aureovariegata (Weston) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens f. bullata (G.Kirchn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. bullata G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 194 (1864).
Buxus sempervirens var. fruticosa Gaudin Fl. Helv. 6: 143 (1830).
Buxus sempervirens var. glauca G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 194 (1864).
Buxus sempervirens f. glauca (G.Kirchn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. grandifolia Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 19 (1869).
Buxus sempervirens f. handsworthiensis (Dallim.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. handsworthiensis Dallim. Holly Yew Box: 226 (1908).
Buxus sempervirens var. humilis Mérat Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 372 (1812).
Buxus sempervirens subsp. hyrcana (Pojark.) Takht. Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57: 250 (1972).
Buxus sempervirens f. marginata (Loudon) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 391 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. marginata Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1333 (1838).
Buxus sempervirens f. myrtifolia (Lam.) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 140 (1907).
Buxus sempervirens var. myrtifolia (Lam.) Loudon Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 704 (1842).
Buxus sempervirens f. pendula (C.Pynaert) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. pendula C.Pynaert Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 92 (1893).
Buxus sempervirens var. pendula-variegata C.Pynaert Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 92 (1893).
Buxus sempervirens var. prostrata Dallim. Holly Yew Box: 228 (1908).
Buxus sempervirens f. prostrata (Dallim.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. putata Gaudin Fl. Helv. 6: 143 (1830).
Buxus sempervirens f. pyramidalis (Simon-Louis) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens pyramidalis Simon-Louis Nursery Cat. (Simon-Louis) 1869: 21 (1869).
Buxus sempervirens f. rosmarinifolium (Baill.) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 140 (1907).
Buxus sempervirens var. rosmarinifolium Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus sempervirens f. rotundifolia (Baill.) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens var. rotundifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus sempervirens var. subfrtuticosa Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 262 (1821 publ. 1822).
Buxus sempervirens f. suffruticosa (L.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 391 (1949).
Buxus suffruticosa Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 3 (1768).
Buxus tenuifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus variegata Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus vulgaris Bubani Fl. Pyren. 1: 117 (1897).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Buxus myrtifolia	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirens	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Buxus sempervirens L.	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Dizionario Delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) SOTWP 2016: Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2015) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
Buxus sempervirens L. var. arborescens Lamk	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirens L. var. suffruticosa Lamarck	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirense	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)

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