Plant Details

Accepted name:: Triticum aestivum L. [Poaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 5

Triticum aestivum subsp. compactum (Host) H.Messik.

Triticum aestivum subsp. macha (Dekapr. & Menabde) McKey

Triticum aestivum subsp. sphaerococcum (Percival) Mac Key

Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum

Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta (L.) Thell.

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
aabguwan	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
amylum tritici	Pharmaceutical	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
arupa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bahudugdha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
blighted wheat	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
blé	Other	Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
bran	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
burr	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cepam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chalway	Other	Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
common bread wheat	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
common wheat	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998)
dro	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
fructus tritici levis	Pharmaceutical	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
fu siao mai	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
fu xiao ma	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
fu xiao mai	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
fuxiaomai	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)
gahu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gahum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gahung	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gaihoon	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gam	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gandom	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
gandum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gaun	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gehu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gehub	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gehum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gehun	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gendum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
genhu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gieun	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
giun	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godhi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godhuma	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
godhuma-pishta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godhumah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godhumulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godumai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
godumallu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godumalu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godumay	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godumbaiyarisi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godumulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gom	Other	Medicinal Plant Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003)
gotampu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gro	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
hantha	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hentah	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
hintah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
janen alqmah	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
kanak	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kankainirupam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
katiratakali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kodumai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kollaimutirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotamayava	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotampu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotampum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotanpam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kothumai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotimam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotumai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kotumpai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kshiri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kunak	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kurank	Other	Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
light wheat grain	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
madhuli	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mahagodhuma	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
makacali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mikupalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mileccacakam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mileccacam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mileccai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mileccaram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mlenchhabhojana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nantamuki	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nihsuki	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
niksuki	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nishasta-e-gandum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
nistusha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pivla-potia	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
rasala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
refined wheat-germ oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
saman	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sitári	Other	Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
sumana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
talamatitam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tamilam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
taniyarajan	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
trigo	Other	Pl. Res. of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico (Casas et al., 2001)
tritici aestivi oleum raffinatum	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
tritici aestivi oleum virginale	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
tritici amylum	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
tritici levis fructus	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
tritici levis semen	Pharmaceutical	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
turankappiriyam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
turankikam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tuymusti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vatattata	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
virgin wheat-germ oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
vodka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
weizen	Other	Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
wheat	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Medicinal Plant Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
wheat bran	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
wheat starch	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
wheat-germ oil, refined	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
wheat-germ oil, virgin	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
yava	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
yavai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
yavana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
σιτάρι	Other	Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
حنطه	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
نينج حمقلا	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
گندم	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
གྲོ།	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
浮小麥	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
seed germ	oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
fruit		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
grain	dried blighted caryopsis	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
seed	outer fraction of the cereal grain, comprising the pericarp, seed coat (testa), nucellar tissue, and aleurone layer	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
Seed		Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Seeds, husk		Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
Fruits, Seeds		Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019)
Sprout, Seed, Pollen, Fruit, Germ, Fibre, Grass, Seed coat	Sprout oil, Oil, Germ oil	WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
seed		Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
seeds		Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
Seeds		Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
fruit of the caryopsis	light and shriveled fruit of the dried caryopsis	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
Seed		Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
seed	fatty oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
seed	outer fraction of the cereal grain, comprising the pericarp, seed coat (testa), nucellar tissue, and aleurone layer	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008)
seed	starch	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
seed	starch granules	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006)
grain		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
seed	starch powder obtained from seeds	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
seed	starch granules	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
seed	starch granules	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
seed	Wheat starch is obtained from the caryopsis	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
seed	outer fraction of the cereal grain, comprising the pericarp, seed coat (testa), nucellar tissue, and aleurone layer	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013)
caryopsis		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)
caryopsis	starch	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 15 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Triticum sativum Lam. Fl. Franç. 3: 625 (1779), nom. superfl.
Triticum vulgare Vill. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 153 (1787), nom. superfl.
Frumentum triticum E.H.L.Krause Bot. Centralbl. 73: 339 (1898), nom. superfl.
Triticum aestivum proles vulgare Thell. Naturwiss. Wochenschr., n.f., 17: 471 (1918), not validly publ.
Triticum aestivum subsp. vulgare Thell. Fl. Adv. Montpellier: 142 (1912), not validly publ.
Triticum aristatum Schübl. Diss. Char. Descr. Cereal.: 11 (1818), nom. superfl.
Triticum aristatum aestivum (L.) Schübl. Diss. Char. Descr. Cereal.: 12 (1818), nom. inval.
Triticum cereale var. aestivum (L.) Klett & Richt. Fl. Leipzig: 118 (1830).
Triticum sativum var. aestivum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 109 (1805), not validly publ.
Triticum sativum var. vulgare Desv. Opusc. Sci. Phys. Nat.: 162 (1833), not validly publ.
Triticum sativum subsp. vulgare (Vill.) P.Fourn. Quatre Fl. France: 89 (1934), not validly publ.
Triticum vulgare var. aestivum (L.) Willd. Enum. Pl. 1: 133 (1809), not validly publ.
Triticum vulgare subsp. aestivum (L.) Arcang. Comp. Fl. Ital.: 803 (1882), nom. illeg.
Triticum vulgare convar. aristatum Alef. Landw. Fl.: 330 (1866), not validly publ.
Triticum vulgare var. aristatum Döll Rhein. Fl.: 70 (1843), not validly publ.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Triticum aestivum	Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007)
Triticum aestivum L.	A Check-list of the Korean Cultivated Plants (Mun-Chan et al., 1986) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020) Med. Herbs Israel (Said et al., 2002) Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013) Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Med. Pl. in the Mediterranean: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008) Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) Pl. Res. of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico (Casas et al., 2001) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Triticum aestivum L., nom. cons.	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
Triticum aestivum Linn.	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
Triticum aestivum Linne	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)
Triticum aestivum Linné	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008)
Triticum sativum	Conservation of Indonesian Medicinal Plants (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Triticum sativum Lam.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Triticum sativum Lamk.	Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Triticum vulgare	Medicinal Plant Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Triticum vulgare Vill.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)
Triticum vulgare Villars	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Triticum vulgare Will.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.

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