Plant Details

Accepted name:: Cinchona pubescens Vahl [Rubiaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
barak	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
barkina	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
calisaya bark	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
cascarilla	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
china rossa	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
chinarinde	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
cinchon. febri.	Other	The Indian Pharmacopoeial List 1946 (Govt. of India, 1946)
cinchona	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
cinchona bark	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
cinchona febrifuge	Other	The Indian Pharmacopoeial List 1946 (Govt. of India, 1946)
cinchona liquid extract, standardised	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
cinchona officinalis	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
cinchonae cortex	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
fever tree	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
ganeh-ganeh	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
jesuit bark	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
jesuit's bark	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
kalumakitam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kina	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
koyna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kunavanacceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kunayana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mkwin	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
peruvian bark	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
peruvian bark tree	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
quina	Other	Med. Pl. E Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021) Tropical Trees of Costa Rica (Zuchowski et al., 2008)
quina rubra	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
quina vennelha	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
quina, corteza	Other	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
quina-do-amazonas	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
quineira	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
quinine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
quinine tree	Other	Tropical Trees of Costa Rica (Zuchowski et al., 2008)
quinquina	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
quinquina rouge	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
red cinchona	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
red cinchona bark	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
red peruvian-bark	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
red quinine	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
redbark	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
roter chinarindenbaum	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
rött kinaträd	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
shurap-pattai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
برک	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
گنه گنه	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
金鸡勒	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
bark		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
stem bark, bark		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Bark		Tropical Trees of Costa Rica (Zuchowski et al., 2008)
Bark		Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Bark		The Indian Pharmacopoeial List 1946 (Govt. of India, 1946)
root, stem bark		Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
bark		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
bark	whole or cut, dried bark	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
bark	whole or cut, dried bark	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
stem bark		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
bark	dried bark	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
wood	vegetal drug, dry extract, fluid extract, powdered drug	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
bark, stem		Med. Pl. E Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996)
bark	Whole or cut, dried bark	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
corteza seca		Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 52 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav. in J.E.Howard, Ill. Nueva Quinol. Pav.: t. [23] (1862).
Cinchona elliptica Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 12: 60 (1869), tentatively listed as a synonym.
Cinchona ovata Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 2: 52 (1799).
Cinchona purpurea Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 2: 52 (Sept. 1799).
Cinchona rufinervis Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 10: 8 (1848).
Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1857: 60 (1858).
Cinchona tucujensis H.Karst. Fl. Columb. 1: 17 (1859).
Cinchona caloptera Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 273 (1869).
Cinchona chomeliana Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 10: 9 (1848).
Cinchona colorata C.J.Laubert ex B.D.Jacks. Index Kew. 1: 535 (1893).
Cinchona cordifolia Mutis Papel Periùdico de Santa Fé de Bogotá 111: 465 (1793).
Cinchona cordifolia var. macrocarpa Wedd. ex Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866).
Cinchona cordifolia var. microcarpa Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona cordifolia var. peruviana Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona cordifolia var. rotundifolia (Pav. ex Lamb.) Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 270 (1849).
Cinchona cordifolia var. vera Wedd. Hist. Nat. Quinquinas: 57 (1849), not validly publ.
Cinchona coronulata Miq. J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 140 (1861).
Cinchona goudotiana Klotzsch ex Triana Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact. 2: 390 (1938).
Cinchona govana Miq. J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 142 (1861).
Cinchona howardiana Kuntze Monog. Cinchona: 7 (1878), tentatively listed as a synonym.
Cinchona lechleriana Schltdl. Linnaea 26: 728 (1855).
Cinchona lutea Pav. in J.E.Howard, Ill. Nueva Quinol. Pav.: t. [14] (1859).
Cinchona morado Ruiz Quinologia: 67 (1792).
Cinchona obovata Pav. ex Howard Ill. Nueva Quinol. Pav.: t. 18 (1862).
Cinchona ovata var. rufinervis (Wedd.) Wedd. Hist. Nat. Quinquinas: 60 (1849).
Cinchona ovata var. vulgaris Wedd. Hist. Nat. Quinquinas: 60 (1849), not validly publ.
Cinchona palescens Vell. Quinogr. Port.: 33 (1799).
Cinchona pallescens Ruiz ex Vitman Summa Pl., Suppl. 1: 262 (1802), nom. illeg.
Cinchona pallescens var. ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 213 (1866).
Cinchona pelalba Pav. ex DC. Biblioth. Universelle Genève 41: 152 (1829).
Cinchona pelletieriana Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 10: 8 (1848).
Cinchona platyphylla Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 11: 362 (1869), nom. illeg.
Cinchona pubescens var. cordata DC. Prodr. 4: 353 (1830).
Cinchona pubescens var. ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. Prodr. 4: 353 (1830).
Cinchona pubescens var. pelletieriana (Wedd.) Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 270 (1849).
Cinchona pubescens var. purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 270 (1849).
Cinchona purpurascens Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 10: 8 (1848).
Cinchona purpurea Vell. Quinogr. Port.: 23 (Oct. 1799), nom. illeg.
Cinchona rosulenta Howard ex Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 12: 66 (1869).
Cinchona rotundifolia Pav. ex Lamb. Ill. Cinchona: 5 (1821).
Cinchona rubicunda Tafalla ex Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 11: 362 (1869), nom. nud.
Cinchona rugosa Pav. ex DC. Prodr. 4: 353 (1830).
Cinchona subsessilis Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 272 (1869).
Cinchona succirubra var. conglomerata Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona succirubra var. cuchicara Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona succirubra var. erythroderma Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona succirubra var. spruceana Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), nom. nud.
Cinchona succirubra var. vera Howard Proc. Internat. Hortic. Exhib. Bot. Congr. London: 214 (1866), not validly publ.
Quinquina obovata (Pav. ex Howard) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 295 (1891).
Quinquina ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 295 (1891).
Quinquina pubescens (Vahl) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 295 (1891).
Quinquina succirubra (Pav. ex Klotzsch) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 295 (1891).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Cinchona decurrentifolia	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona elliptica Wedd.	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona ovata	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona pubescens	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007) Tropical Trees of Costa Rica (Zuchowski et al., 2008)
Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl	SOTWP 2016: Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2015)
Cinchona pubescens Vahl	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. & Pois. Pl. 1 (Padua et al., 1999) Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006) Med. Pl. E Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) SOTWP 2016: Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2015) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Cinchona pubescens Vahl.	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona purpurea Ruiz & Pavon	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona purpurea Ruiz et Pavon	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Cinchona rufinervis	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona succirubra	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Cinchona succirubra Pav.	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
Cinchona succirubra Pavon	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) The Indian Pharmacopoeial List 1946 (Govt. of India, 1946)
Cinchona succirubra Pavon et Klotzsch	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
Cinchona succirubra Paw.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Cinchona succiurubra	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Cinchona tucujensis	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Cinchona tucujensis Karsten	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)

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