Plant Details

Accepted name:: Pinus pinaster Aiton [Pinaceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants
Infraspecies:: 3

Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena (Risso) K.Richt.

Pinus pinaster subsp. pinaster

Pinus pinaster subsp. renoui (Villar) Maire

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
bordeaux	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
bordeaux turpentine	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
cluster pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
galipot	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
gereinigtes terpentinöl	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
hai an song	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
kaigan-sho	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
maritime pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020)
maritime pine extract	Other	Food Chemicals Codex, 11th edn. (USP, 2018)
oil of turpentine, iberian type	Other	ISO Catalogue (2009)
pinaster	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
pinaster pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pinheiro	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
pino maritimo	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
pino marittimo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pinus pinaster type turpentine oil	Other	British Pharmacop. 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacop. 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacop. 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
strandkiefer	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
terebenthine	Other	Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacop.: Liste A (2000)
terebinthinae aetheroleum a pino pinastro	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacop., 6th edn. (2007)
terebinthinae aetheroleum a pino pinastro	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacop., 7th edn. (2012)
terebinthinae aetheroleum rectificatum	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
terelenthine de bordeaux	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
terpentintall	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
trosden	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
turpentine	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009) ISO Catalogue (2009) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
turpentine oil	Other	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
turpentine oil, pinus pinaster type	Other	European Pharmacop., 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacop., 7th edn. (2012)
térébenthine	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
	essential oil	British Pharmacop. 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
gum		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacop.: Liste A (2000)
bark of stems		U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016)
	oil	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
stems	bark of stems	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020)
	oil	British Pharmacop. 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
stem bark	bark	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008)
	essential oil	European Pharmacop., 6th edn. (2007)
	oil	ISO Catalogue (2009)
oleoresin	essential oil	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)
bark	bark of stems	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 3 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Pinus glomerata Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 398 (1796), nom. superfl.
Pinus maritima var. alterna Dum.Cours. Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 458 (1811).
Pinus pinaster subsp. atlantica Villar Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 33: 427 (1933 publ. 1934), not validly publ.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Pinus pinaster	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Food Chemicals Codex, 11th edn. (USP, 2018) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Pinus pinaster (Aiton) Solander	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Pinus pinaster Aiton	British Pharmacop. 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacop. 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacop. 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Ethnobot. in W Granada Province, Spain (Benítez et al., 2010) European Pharmacop., 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacop., 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2019 (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2024 (WHO-UMC, 2024) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Pinus pinaster Sol.	ISO Catalogue (2009)
Pinus pinaster Soland.	Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998)
Pinus pinaster Soland., Non Ait.	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Pinus pineaster Ait.	Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacop.: Liste A (2000)

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