Plant Details

Accepted name:: Pinus pinaster Aiton [Pinaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 3

Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena (Risso) K.Richt.

Pinus pinaster subsp. pinaster

Pinus pinaster subsp. renoui (Villar) Maire

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
cluster pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
gereinigtes terpentinöl	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
hai an song	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
maritime pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
maritime pine extract	Other	Food Chemicals Codex, 11th edn. (USP, 2018)
oil of turpentine, iberian type	Other	ISO Catalogue (2009)
pinaster pine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pino marittimo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pinus pinaster type turpentine oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
strandkiefer	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
terebenthine	Other	Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
terebinthinae aetheroleum a pino pinastro	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
terebinthinae aetheroleum a pino pinastro	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
terebinthinae aetheroleum rectificatum	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
terpentintall	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
trosden	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
turpentine	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009) ISO Catalogue (2009)
turpentine oil	Other	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
turpentine oil, pinus pinaster type	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
térébenthine	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
	essential oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
gum		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
bark of stems		U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
	oil	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
stems	bark of stems	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
	oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
stem bark	bark	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008)
	essential oil	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
	oil	ISO Catalogue (2009)
oleoresin	essential oil	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)
	Essential oil obtained by steam distillation, followed by rectification at a temperature below 180 °C, from the oleoresin	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
bark	bark of stems	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 3 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Pinus glomerata Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 398 (1796), nom. superfl.
Pinus maritima var. alterna Dum.Cours. Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 458 (1811).
Pinus pinaster subsp. atlantica Villar Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 33: 427 (1933 publ. 1934), not validly publ.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Pinus pinaster	Food Chemicals Codex, 11th edn. (USP, 2018) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Pinus pinaster (Aiton) Solander	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Pinus pinaster Aiton	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Ethnobot. in W Granada Province, Spain (Benítez et al., 2010) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Pinus pinaster Sol.	ISO Catalogue (2009)
Pinus pinaster Soland.	Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998)
Pinus pinaster Soland., Non Ait.	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Pinus pineaster Ait.	Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)

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