Plant Details

Accepted name:: Carissa spinarum L. [Apocynaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
a'dh	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
a'rm	Other	Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019)
acoga	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
acuga	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
adishawel	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
afinin	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
agam	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ahanzo	Other	Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014)
aimuria	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
airoon	Other	Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019)
akokokolia	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
amatungula	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
amatungulu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
amuria	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
anter	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
arabian mummum	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
arabian num-num	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
arabian numnum	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
arm	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
bambora	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
bengal currant	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
bois amer	Other	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
bois de ronde	Other	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
bois sandal	Other	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
boorum bush	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
burwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
bush plum	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
calac	Other	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
carandas plum	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
carandas-plam	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
carandas-plum	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
carissa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
carisse	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
channakalavi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikka kaavali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikka kalavi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikka kavili	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikka-kavili	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikkakavali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikkakavili	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chikkalla	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chiru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chiru kila	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chirukila	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chirukila chiru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
christ’s thorn	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
cikkakavali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cinnakala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cinnatti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cinnattikam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cinnattikamaram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ciru kala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ciruela de natal	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
cirukala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cirukalaver	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cirunavvukicceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cizaki	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
climbing num-num	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
conker berry	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
conkerberry	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
conkleberry	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
currentbush	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
dagams	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
dighitta	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
egyptian carissa	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
ekamuria	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ekisinananga lokumdonga	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ekisinananga lokumolonga	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
emir	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
emir-yashior	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
emuriei	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
enkeldoring	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
enkeldoring-noemnoem	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
enkeldoringnoemnoem	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
enkeldorn	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
enyonnza	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
epwakai	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
esam	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
esamviringa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
folk	Other	Handbook of Arabian Med. Pl. (Ghazanfar, 1994)
fonkole	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
garji	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
garna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
garnaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
garuna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
godhoom-boor	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
granda	Other	Ethnomed. Uses of Edible Wild Fruits, Pakistan (Khan et al., 2015) Med. Floral Knwlg. of Sarban Hills, Pakistan (Ijaz et al., 2016) Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018) Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
gurura	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
han	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
heen karamba	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
ilamuriak	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
jal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jangali karondaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
jangli-karonda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jangli-tondi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jia hu ci	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
kaka-mchangani	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kalakkai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalakke	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kalarikamaram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalavuni	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalavunimaram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kale	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kale kaaya	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalimi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalive	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalivi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalli	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kamasai	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kamda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kamuria	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kanga-muazi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kantam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karaida	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karamadika	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karamarda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
karamardika	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karamardikaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
karamardraka	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
karampai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karampari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karamparicceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karanda-pflaume	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
karande	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karauda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karaunda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karaundha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karice	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karimanjil	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karinkaara	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
karmada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karoda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karodh	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karoj	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karonada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karonda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karondaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
karouda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karounda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karoundi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunj	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karvand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karvandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karwand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kashmal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kavali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
khanzat	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
kharn	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kirimba	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
konjolu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
krishnapaakphal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kshirphena	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kumurwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kunkerberry	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
la'dh	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lakatetwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lamuriai	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lamuriei	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
legetetuet	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
legetetwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
legetetyet	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
legetiet	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
leketeet	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
leketetwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
leketetwo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
limurie	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lokotetwo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
makonea	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mamalo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mkokolo	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mkolokolo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mlanoa-mboo	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mokalakala	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
morogola	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mothokolo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mpambala	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mpambulu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
msharondunzi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mtanda-mboo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mtandamboo	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mtandomboo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mu-kaw	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mubambangoma	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mudyabveni	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mudzambaa	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mudzambaro	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mufumbwe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muhlababzunzi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
mujabvane	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mukawa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mukomfwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mulimuli	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mulolwe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mulowe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mumbingwa	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
munyoke	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
murambara	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muraramombe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
murarmombe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muravamombe	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muruguru	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
murungulu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mutote	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mutsam	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mutsamviringa	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mutsamviringwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muyonza	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
naayi kalame gida	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naayi kalavi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naayi kavali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
narikkala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
natal plum	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
nchuguru	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
nchungulu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ndandangoma	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ndote	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ngalwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ngawa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
nkawa-mwimbi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ntshuguru	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
num-num	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
nzambara	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
nzunu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
oba isisi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
oburwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ochuoga	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
okuyonza	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
olamuriaki	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omonyangateti	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
orgabat	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ranknoemnoem	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
sandal	Other	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
simboba	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
simple spined carissa	Other	Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015)
simple-spine carissa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
simple-spined carissa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
simple-spined num-num	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
sirukazha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sirukila	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sushena	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
taw-khan-pin	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
tian jia hu ci	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
tirakkaravanci	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tirakkaravancimaram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tlaba-dilebanye	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
uba	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
umlugulu	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
umsamviringwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
unsamviringwa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
vaaka kaaya	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vattakkila	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vattakkilacceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
waakoyloo	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
waka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wakirlu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wakoilu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wild karanda	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
wild plum	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
wyaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
හීන් කරඹ	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
刺郎果	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
老虎刺	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Roots, leaves, fruits		Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015)
Leaves		Med. Floral Knwlg. of Sarban Hills, Pakistan (Ijaz et al., 2016)
Whole plant, Leaves, Roots, Fruits, Seeds		Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
Branches		Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018)
Roots		Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Root		Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
Root, leaves		Ethnomed. Uses of Edible Wild Fruits, Pakistan (Khan et al., 2015)
Whole plant		Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019)
roots	dry roots	Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014)
stem bark, root, fruit, seed	juice	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
leaf, stem		Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
leaf, root bark		African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 96 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Cabucala brachyantha Pichon Notul. Syst. (Paris) 13: 205 (1948 publ. 1949).
Carissa axillaris Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1: 691 (1820).
Carissa brownii F.Muell. Fragm. 4: 45 (1863), nom. illeg.
Carissa campenonii (Drake) Palacký Cat. Pl. Madagasc. 3: 29 (1907).
Carissa candolleana Jaub. & Spach Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 107 (1857).
Carissa carandas G.Lodd. Bot. Cab. 7: t. 663 (1822), sensu auct.
Carissa carandas var. congesta (Wight) Bedd. Fl. Sylv. S. India: clvii (1872).
Carissa cochinchinensis Pierre ex Pit. in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 1112 (1933).
Carissa comorensis (Pichon) Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa congesta Wight Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4: t. 1289 (1848).
Carissa coriacea Wall. ex G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 105 (1837).
Carissa cornifolia Jaub. & Spach Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 108 (1857).
Carissa dalzellii Bedd. Fl. Sylv. S. India: clvii (1871).
Carissa densiflora Baker J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 204 (1883).
Carissa diffusa Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 524 (1824).
Carissa dulcis Schumach. & Thonn. in H.C.F.Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 146 (1827).
Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl Symb. Bot. 1: 22 (1790).
Carissa edulis var. sechellensis (Baker) Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 3 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. tomentosa (A.Rich.) Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 90 (1902), nom. illeg.
Carissa gangetica Stapf ex Gamble Fl. Madras: 805 (1923).
Carissa hirsuta Roth in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 522 (1819).
Carissa horrida Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 135 (1949).
Carissa inermis Vahl Symb. Bot. 3: 43 (1794).
Carissa lanceolata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 468 (1810).
Carissa laotica Pit. in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 1113 (1933).
Carissa laxiflora Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 305 (1868).
Carissa macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 104 (1837).
Carissa madagascariensis Thouars Mélang. Bot. 4: 80 (1811).
Carissa mitis Heynh. ex A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 332 (1844).
Carissa obovata Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 25 (1970).
Carissa oleoides Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa opaca Stapf ex Haines Indian Forester 47: 378 (1921).
Carissa ovata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 468 (1810).
Carissa ovata var. stolonifera F.M.Bailey Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 9: 9 (1894).
Carissa papuana Markgr. Nova Guinea 14: 278 (1925).
Carissa paucinervia A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 333 (1844).
Carissa pilosa Schinz Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 259 (1888), nom. illeg.
Carissa pubescens A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 334 (1844).
Carissa revoluta Scott Elliot J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 33 (1891).
Carissa richardiana Jaub. & Spach Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 106 (1857).
Carissa scabra R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 468 (1810).
Carissa sechellensis Baker Fl. Mauritius: 222 (1877).
Carissa septentrionalis (Pichon) Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa stolonifera (F.M.Bailey) F.M.Bailey ex Perrot & Vogt Trav. Lab. Matière Méd. École Supér. Pharm. Paris 9: 112 (1913), not validly publ.
Carissa suavissima Bedd. ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 3: 632 (1882).
Carissa tomentosa A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 30 (1850), nom. illeg.
Carissa velutina Domin Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 521 (1928).
Carissa villosa Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 525 (1824).
Carissa xylopicron Thouars Mélang. Bot. 4: 80 (1811).
Carissa yunnanensis Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 347 (1973).
Antura edulis Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: cvi (1775).
Antura hadiensis J.F.Gmel. Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].: 405 (1791), nom. illeg.
Arduina brownii K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 127 (1895).
Arduina campenonii Drake Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 1222 (1896).
Arduina edulis (Forssk.) Spreng. Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 669 (1824).
Arduina inermis (Vahl) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 127 (1895).
Arduina laxiflora (Benth.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 127 (1895).
Arduina xylopicron (Thouars) Baill. Hist. Pl. 10: 170 (1888).
Azima pubescens Suess. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 334 (1953).
Carandas edulis (Forssk.) Hiern Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 664 (1898).
Carissa brownii var. angustifolia Kempe Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. South Australia 3: 135 (1880).
Carissa brownii var. ovata (R.Br.) Maiden & Betche Census N.S.W. Pl.: 173 (1916), not validly publ.
Carissa carandas var. paucinervia (A.DC.) Bedd. Fl. Sylv. S. India: clvii (1872).
Carissa densiflora var. microphylla Danguy ex Lecomte Madag. Bois Analamaz.: 134 (1922).
Carissa edulis var. ambungana Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 131 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. comorensis Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 134 (1949).
Carissa edulis subsp. continentalis Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 129 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. densiflora (Baker) Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 130 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. horrida (Pichon) Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa edulis var. lucubea Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 134 (1949).
Carissa edulis subsp. madagascariensis (Thouars) Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 130 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. major Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 90 (1902).
Carissa edulis var. microphylla (Danguy ex Lecomte) Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 132 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. nummularis Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 132 (1949).
Carissa edulis f. nummularis (Pichon) Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa edulis f. pubescens (A.DC.) Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 129 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. revoluta (Scott Elliot) Markgr. Adansonia, n.s., 10: 26 (1970).
Carissa edulis var. septentrionalis Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 133 (1949).
Carissa edulis var. subtrinervia Pichon Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 131 (1949).
Carissa lanceolata Dalzell in N.A.Dalzell & A.Gibson, Bombay Fl.: 143 (1861), nom. illeg.
Carissa laotica var. ferruginea Kerr Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937: 87 (1937).
Carissa ovata var. pubescens F.M.Bailey Compr. Cat. Queensland Pl., ed. 2: 317 (1913).
Damnacanthus esquirolii H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 435 (1912).
Jasminonerium densiflorum (Baker) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium dulce (Schumach. & Thonn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium edule (Forssk.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium inerme (Vahl) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium laxiflorum (Benth.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium madagascariense (Thouars) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium ovatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium pubescens (A.DC.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium sechellense (Baker) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium suavissimum (Bedd. ex Hook.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Jasminonerium tomentosum (A.Rich.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891), nom. illeg.
Jasminonerium xylopicron (Thouars) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 414 (1891).
Strychnos pungens Gagnep. Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 23 (1950), nom. illeg.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Cabucala brachyantha Pichon	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa axillaris Roxb.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa brownii F.Muell.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa campenonii (Drake)Palacky	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa candolleana Jaub. & Spach	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa carandas Linn. var. congesta (Wt.) Bedd.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Carissa carandas Lodd.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa cochinchinensis Pierre ex Pit.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa comorensis (Pichon)Markgr.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa congesta Wight	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa coriacea Wall. ex G.Don	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa cornifolia Jaub. & Spach	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa dalzellii Bedd.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa densiflora Baker	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa diffusa Roxb.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa dulcis Schumach. & Thonn.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa edulis	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl.	Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015)
Carissa edulis (Forssk.)Vahl	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa edulis (Forssk.)Vahl tomentosa (A.Rich.)Stapf	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa edulis (Forsskal) Vahl.	Handbook of Arabian Med. Pl. (Ghazanfar, 1994)
Carissa edulis Vahl	Med. and Magical Pl. of S Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) SOTWP 2016: Useful Pl. of W Tropical Africa (2015)
Carissa edulis Vahl Symb. Bot.	Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019)
Carissa edulis Vahl.	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
Carissa edulis var. sechellensis (Forssk.) Vahl	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004)
Carissa gangetica Stapf ex Gamble	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa hirsuta Roth	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa horrida Pichon	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa inermis Vahl	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa lanceolata R. Br.	Trad. Aboriginal Meds in N Territory (Barr et al., 1993)
Carissa lanceolata R.Br.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa laotica Pit.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa laxiflora Benth.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa madagascariensis Thouars	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa mitis Heynh. ex A.DC.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa obovata Markgr.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa oleoides Markgr.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa opaca Stapf	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Carissa opaca Stapf ex Haines	Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Carissa opaca Stapf. Ex Haines.	Ethnomed. Uses of Edible Wild Fruits, Pakistan (Khan et al., 2015) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Carissa opaca Stemapf ex Haines	Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
Carissa ovata R.Br.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa ovata var stolonifera	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Carissa papuana Markgr.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa paucinervia A.DC.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa pilosa Schinz	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa pubescens A.DC.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa revoluta Scott-Elliot	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa richardiana Jaub. & Spach	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa scabra R.Br.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa sechellensis Baker	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa septentrionalis (Pichon)Markgr.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa spinarum	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Carissa spinarum L.	Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018) Med. Floral Knwlg. of Sarban Hills, Pakistan (Ijaz et al., 2016) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) SOTWP 2016: Useful Pl. & Fungi Project (2015) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Carissa stolonifera (F.M.Bailey)F.M.Bailey	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa suavissima Bedd. ex Hook.f.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa tomentosa A.Rich.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa velutina Domin	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa villosa Roxb.	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa xylopicron Thouars	Med. Pl. Indian Ocean Ils. (Gurib-Fakim et al., 2004) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carissa yunnanensis Tsiang & P.T.Li	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)
Carmissa cochinchinensis Pierre	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Carmissa edulis Vahl	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Carmissa spinarum L.	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)

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