Plant Details

Accepted name:

Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey. [Ephedraceae]

Source of taxonomy and confidence:

World Checklist ( )

Information about this plant:

Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
asmanibooti	Other	Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
chekender	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
chinese ephedra	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
chul kizilcha	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
efedra srednyaya	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
ephdrae herba	Pharmaceutical	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006)
ephedra	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
ephedra herb	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
ephedra root	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
ephedra stem	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
ephedrae herba	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
ephedrae radix et rhizoma	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
herba ephedra	Pharmaceutical	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
herba ephedrae	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
herbal ecstasy	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
intermediate ephedra	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
kizilcha	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
kpvoynik sredniy	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
ma huang	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
ma huang gen	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
mahon	Other	Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003)
mahuang	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
mahuanggen	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
modraq	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
naromb	Other	Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014)
ortocho chekende	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
pustynnaya efedra	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
radix et rhizoma ephedrae	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
somalatha	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
yimuk	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
zhong ma huang	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
чекендер	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
ایمک	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
مادرق	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
マオウ	Other	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
中麻黃	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
麻黃	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
rhizome, root	dried root and rhizome	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
herbaceous stem		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
stem	stem	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Aerial parts		Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Leaves		Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003)
Fruits		Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
Whole plant		Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014)
herbaceous stem	dried herbaceous stem	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
stem, root & rhizome		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
stem	dried herbaceous stem	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
stem	dried herbaceous stem	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
stem	stem	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006)
Stem, Leaf, Flower, Fruit		Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
stem		Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
terrestrial stem		Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
stem	Dried herbaceous stem	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 13 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

synonym
Ephedra ferganensis V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 504 (1957).
Ephedra glauca Regel Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 484 (1879).
Ephedra heterosperma V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 503 (1957).
Ephedra intermedia var. glauca (Regel) Stapf Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 56(2): 63 (1889).
Ephedra intermedia var. persica Stapf Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 56(2): 63 (1889).
Ephedra intermedia var. schrenkii Stapf Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 56(2): 62 (1889).
Ephedra intermedia var. tibetica Stapf Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 56(2): 63 (1889).
Ephedra microsperma V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 503 (1957).
Ephedra persica (Stapf) V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 504 (1957).
Ephedra tesquorum V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 503 (1957).
Ephedra tibetica (Stapf) V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 503 (1957).
Ephedra valida V.A.Nikitin Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 504 (1957).
Ephedra vulgaris var. submonostachys Boiss. & Buhse Aufz. Transk. Pers. Pfl. Wien: 204 (1860).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Ephedra intermedia	Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003)
Ephedra intermedia Schr. & Mey	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2015)
Ephedra intermedia Schrank	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C. A. Mey.	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C. A. Mey. var. intermedia	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A. Mey.	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey.	Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.Meyer	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & Mey.	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & Meyer	Med. Pl. for Respiratory Disorders in Abbottabad (Kayani et al., 2014)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk &Meyer	Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Mey	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Mey.	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Meyer	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C.A. Meyer	Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 16th edn. (2012)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Mey.	British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C.A.Meyer	Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th edn. (2006)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk ex C.A. Meyer	World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk ex C.A.Mey.	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Ephedra intermedia Shrenk ex Meyer	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.

Search using just the accepted name

NCBI — (Including Pubmed & GenBank)

Google Images

Google Scholar

Encyclopedia of Life

Search using all scientific names used for this plant:

NCBI — (Including Pubmed & GenBank)

Google Images