Plant Details

Accepted name:: Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip. [Asteraceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
african leaves	Other	Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014)
agba	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
agoaflu	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
akpa	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
akpa gbo	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
alcachofra	Other	Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007) Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008)
alomagbo	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
alumã	Other	Med. & Pois. Pl. NE Brazil (Agra et al., 2007) Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitão et al., 2014) Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008)
amanvivè	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
avenya	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
awonwene	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
awonwone	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
ayeanwonle	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
bantara bururé	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
bieningira	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
bikambilar	Other	Gabon׳s Med. Pl. Markets (Towns et al., 2014)
bitter leaf	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015) Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) Med. Pl. in E & C Africa (EL-Kamali, 2009) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
bitter leaves	Other	Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012)
bitterleaf	Other	Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Useful Pl. of Kongo C Province, Vol. 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
boldo	Other	Med. & Pois. Pl. NE Brazil (Agra et al., 2007) Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitão et al., 2014) Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008) Med. Pl. of Sobradinho, Piauí, Brazil (Silva et al., 2015) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo chile	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo de chile	Other	Hypothesis to Local Pharmacop., Brazil (Lozano et al., 2014)
boldo folha graúda	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo paulista	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo-de-árvo	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo-de-árvore	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
boldo-do-chile	Other	Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitão et al., 2014)
bowen	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
bowene	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
cheburiandet	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
chichilusa	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
dakuna	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
e jije	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
ekibirizi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
ekstrak kental daun afrika	Other	Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, 2nd edn. (DKRI, 2017)
ewuro	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) Herb. Med. in Malaria Mgmt., Nigeria (Olorunniyi & Morenikeji, 2013) Med. Pl. in Lagos, Nigeria. (Olowokudejo et al., 2008)
figatil	Other	Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
gboti	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
gbotsi	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
goo	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
kayakaya	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
kibirizi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
ko safoune	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
kossa fi na	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
kossa fina	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
krepi agbo	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
labori	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
labwore	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lubiriizi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
lugon	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
luluza	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
maladi nyoso	Other	Trade in African Med. Pl., Belgium (van Andel & Fundiko, 2016)
matoulou	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
mponasere	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
mubiriizi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mubirizi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muburizi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
mukarikari	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C Province, Vol. 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
mululuza	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
mundudindudi	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C Province, Vol. 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
munkankali	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
musikavakadzi	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
musuritsa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
muuluza	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
nan fei ye	Other	Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014)
ndole	Other	Trade in African Med. Pl., Belgium (van Andel & Fundiko, 2016)
ndumburghai	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
njenyani	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
nlulu	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C Province, Vol. 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
ok	Other	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)
okelo	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
olugbu	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
olumulusya	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
olusia	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omororia	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omubirizi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omululisi	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omululusa	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
omulusya	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
onugbu	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
oriwo	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
shiwaka	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) Leafy Veg. in NW Nigeria (Muhammad & Shinkafi, 2014)
siwakewai	Other	Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
tatsho	Other	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
tree veronica	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
tuntwano	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999)
umubilizi	Other	Med. Pl. Rwanda (Boily et al., 1986)
vernoniae amygdalinae folii extractum spissum	Pharmaceutical	Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, 2nd edn. (DKRI, 2017)
南非叶	Other	Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Leaves, Roots		Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015)
Leaves, stem, root		Med. Pl. in Lagos, Nigeria. (Olowokudejo et al., 2008)
leaf		Herb. Med. in Malaria Mgmt., Nigeria (Olorunniyi & Morenikeji, 2013)
stem, root		Leafy Veg. in NW Nigeria (Muhammad & Shinkafi, 2014)
leaf		Med. Pl. of Sobradinho, Piauí, Brazil (Silva et al., 2015)
leaves	fresh leaves	Med. Pl. in E & C Africa (EL-Kamali, 2009)
entire plant		Gabon׳s Med. Pl. Markets (Towns et al., 2014)
leaf		Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007)
leaves	fresh leaves	Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012)
leaves	frozen leaves	Trade in African Med. Pl., Belgium (van Andel & Fundiko, 2016)
leaves, stems		Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014)
leaf, stem bark		Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993)
leaves		Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, 2nd edn. (DKRI, 2017)
leaf	fresh or dried leaves	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007)
leaf		Med. Pl. Rwanda (Boily et al., 1986)
leaf		Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008)
leaf		Med. & Pois. Pl. NE Brazil (Agra et al., 2007)
leaf, twig, root		African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 17 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Vernonia amygdalina Delile Cent. Pl. Afr. Voy. Méroé: 41 (1826).
Vernonia condensata Baker J. Bot. 13: 202 (1875).
Vernonia randii S.Moore J. Bot. 37: 369 (1899).
Bracheilema paniculatum R.Br. Voy. Abyss., App.: lxv (1814).
Cacalia amygdalina (Delile) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 969 (1891).
Cheliusia abyssinica Sch.Bip. Flora 24(1, Intelligenzbl.): 26 (1841), nom. nud.
Decaneurum amygdalinum (Delile) DC. Prodr. 5: 68 (1836).
Gymnanthemum abyssinicum Sch.Bip. ex Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 948 (1843).
Keringa amygdalina (Delile) Raf. Sylva Tellur.: 144 (1838).
Vernonanthura condensata (Baker) H.Rob. Phytologia 73: 69 (1992).
Vernonia adenosticta Fenzl ex Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 98 (1846).
Vernonia bahiensis Toledo Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo, n.s., 1: 52 (1939).
Vernonia eritreana Klatt Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 826 (1896).
Vernonia giorgii De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 92 (1915).
Vernonia sylvestris Glaz. Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 373 (1909), not validly publ.
Vernonia vogeliana Benth. Niger Fl.: 427 (1849).
Vernonia weisseana Muschl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 91 (1911).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip.	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip. ex Walp.	Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitão et al., 2014) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip.	WHODrug Herbal Substances 2024 (WHO-UMC, 2024) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2021 (WHO-UMC, 2021) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip. ex Walp.	Med. & Pois. Pl. NE Brazil (Agra et al., 2007) Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008)
Vernonia amygdalina	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Herb. Med. in Malaria Mgmt., Nigeria (Olorunniyi & Morenikeji, 2013) Med. Pl. in E & C Africa (EL-Kamali, 2009) Med. Pl. in Lagos, Nigeria. (Olowokudejo et al., 2008) Useful Pl. of Kongo C Province, Vol. 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
Vernonia amygdalina Del	Leafy Veg. in NW Nigeria (Muhammad & Shinkafi, 2014)
Vernonia amygdalina Del.	Ghana Herbal Pharmacop. (Busia, 2007) Handbook African Med. Pl. (Iwu, 1993) Med. Pl. Rwanda (Boily et al., 1986) Med. Pl. in E & C Africa (EL-Kamali, 2009) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020) Trad. Med. of Bantu, Beni & Lubero (Kasika et al., 2014)
Vernonia amygdalina Delaroche	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Vernonia amygdalina Delile	African Herbal Pharmacop. 1st edn. (2010) Commercially Important African Med. Pl. (Van Wyk, 2015) Fresh Med. Pl. in Singapore (Siew et al., 2014) Gabon׳s Med. Pl. Markets (Towns et al., 2014) Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012) Med. and Magical Pl. of S Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Trade in African Med. Pl., Belgium (van Andel & Fundiko, 2016) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Vernonia amygdalina Delile.	Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, 2nd edn. (DKRI, 2017)
Vernonia condensata Backer.	Hypothesis to Local Pharmacop., Brazil (Lozano et al., 2014)
Vernonia condensata Baker	Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007) Med. Pl. of NE Brazil (Fátima Agra et al., 2008)
Vernonia condensata Baker.	Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitão et al., 2014)
Vernonia condensate Baker	Med. Pl. of Sobradinho, Piauí, Brazil (Silva et al., 2015)
Vernonia randii S.Moore	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.