Plant Details

Accepted name:: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. [Malvaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
acedera de guinea	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
afrikanischer	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
amarouna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ambashthaki	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
ambasthaki	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ambaṣṭhakī (root)	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
ambodi	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
arakkanicceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bamya	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
bilee daasavaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bissap	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
cakkirappuliccaikkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
carcade	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
carurú-de-guiné	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
cempuliccaikkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chidede	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
cimaikkacini	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaikkacuru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaikkayccurai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaippuliccai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
civappukacalkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
civappukkacurukkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
civappukkayccurai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
civappuppuliccaikkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dikelenge	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
east indian sorrel plant	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ekamalakwang	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ekiganga	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ekikenke	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
emalakwang	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
erragomgura	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
erragomguru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
erragon kaaya	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
erragongaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
erragonguru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
erragonkaya	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ettagomgura	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ettagongaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ettagonguru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
fausse oseille	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
florida cranberry	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
giya tirş	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
gogu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gongura	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
guinea sorrel	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
gule kucerat	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
gule xene	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
hamaíga	Other	Med. Pl. E. Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996)
hibisci flos	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
hibisci sabdariffae flos	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
hibiscus	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) Commercially Important African Med. Plants (Van Wyk, 2015) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
hibiscus sabdariffa flower	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
hibiscusblüten	Other	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
hibiskus	Other	Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
india rosella hemp (fibre)	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
indian red sorrel	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
indian sorrel	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
indian-sorrel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
jamaica	Other	Manual de Propagación de Pl. Med. (Durán García et al., 2016) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983)
jamaica sorrel	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
jamaica, flor	Other	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
jamaica-sorrel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
jamaican red sorrel	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
jamaican sorrel	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
java jute	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
jelly okra	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
kacalkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalabi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
karkade	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
karkade flowers	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
karkadè	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
karkadé	Other	Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
kashurk-kali	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kaunria	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kelebi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kempu	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kempu pundi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kempu pundike	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kempu pundrike	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kempu pundrike pullichekir	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kempupundrike	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kerkede	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
kerkedîa	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
ketmie	Other	Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
kewan marupa	Other	Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2021)
khataa	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kikenke	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kirken	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kolada	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kombi kombi	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
kororo	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kulubi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kulubilu	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kurkadi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kwajara karakadi	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
kwata	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
laal-ambaari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lakabi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
lal ambadi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lal ambari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lal-anbari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lalambadi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lalambari	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
makombo	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
malakwang	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
malventee	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
masts pal	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
mei gui qie	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
meiguiqie	Other	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
mesta	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
mphesya	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
mundambi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
musaayi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
mutete	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
narayanakkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ndambala	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ngai ngai	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
nguka nzizi	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
nsa lukaya	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
nzanzeka	Other	Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
oseille de guinee	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
oseille de guinée	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
pariccakam	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
patna	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
patsan	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
patwa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
pitakaru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pitatarukkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
plachakiri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
polechi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pudisoppu	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
puli-cheera	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pulichai-keerai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pulichakeere	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pulicheera	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
pulichikire	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
pulikkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundee beeja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundi beeja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundi soppu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundibija	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundicura	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pundikura	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
pundisoppu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pusa hemp (fibre)	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
putikastakkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
queensland jelly plant	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
quiabo-azedo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
quiabo-de-angola	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
quiabo-roxo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
quiabo-róseo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
red sorrel	Other	Commercially Important African Med. Plants (Van Wyk, 2015) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
red tea	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
red-sorrel	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
rosa de jamaica	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Med. Plants for Diabetes in C. America (Giovannini et al., 2016)
rosela	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
rosella	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
rosella fibre (fibre)	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
roselle	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
rosellhibiskus	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
roseneibisch	Other	Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
royal roselle	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
rozella hemp	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
rozelle	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
rozelle hemp (fibre)	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
sabdariffa	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
sabdariffa-eibisch	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seemagogu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seemagonguru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seemai-pulichai-keera	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seeme pundi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seeme pundi soppu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seemegogu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seivappukaychuri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sereni	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
serení	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
shae kojarat	Other	Survey of Med. Pl. in Iraq (Al-Douri, 2000)
shan qie zi	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
shima-gomgura	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimagonguru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimai-kashuruk-kirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shivappu-kashuruk-kirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shivappu-kashuruk-virai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simaikkasuru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sindambi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
sivappukkasuru	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
soborodo	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
sorrel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
sosoori	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
sour sour	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
sour-sour	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
tak bhend	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
tambdi-ambadi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tarucakkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tevatamikakkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
thorny mallow	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
thé rose d'abyssinie	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
thé rose d’abyssinie.	Other	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
tirakalanturam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tirakalumakkirai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tiralukamam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tirankalumam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ufata	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ufata dume	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ufuta	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ufuta dume	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
ugangampunza	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
umganganpunza	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
various leaved hibiscus	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
vattiratarucceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vilaayathi pundi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vilaayathi pundrike	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vilaayithi pundi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vinagreira	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
wusi	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
yakuwa	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
çay kucerat	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
،يتارجوك ةيدكرك	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
روزيلا كركديه	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
ロゼル	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
ローゼル	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
玫瑰茄	Other	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
calyx, epicalyx		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
Calyx and epicalyx		Commercially Important African Med. Plants (Van Wyk, 2015)
calyx		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Flos		Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
calyx, epicalyx	dried whole or cut calyces and epicalyces	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
Flower		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
flowers, fruits		Manual de Propagación de Pl. Med. (Durán García et al., 2016)
Calyx, sepal		Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017)
Flower		Survey of Med. Pl. in Iraq (Al-Douri, 2000)
flower, calyx		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
flower	whole or cut dried calyces or epicalyces	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
seed	whole or cut dried calyces and epicalyces	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
root	dried root	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
calyx	dried calyx	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
fruit, leaf		Med. Pl. E. Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996)
calyx, epicalyx, leaf, seed		African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010)
fruit	Whole or cut dried calyces and epicalyces, collected during fruiting	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
cáliz y el calículo secos, enteros o fragmentados		Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 15 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Hibiscus masuianus De Wild. & T.Durand Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 20 (1899).
Abelmoschus cruentus Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842), nom. superfl.
Furcaria sabdariffa Ulbr. in H.G.A.Engler & C.G.O.Drude, Veg. Erde 9(III 2): 402 (1921).
Hibiscus acetosus Noronha Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 17 (1790), nom. nud.
Hibiscus cruentus Bertol. Fl. Guatimal.: 28 (1840), nom. superfl.
Hibiscus cuneatus Bertol. Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. 3: 138 (1840).
Hibiscus digitatus Cav. Diss. 3: 151 (1787).
Hibiscus digitatus var. kerrianus DC. Prodr. 1: 453 (1824).
Hibiscus fraternus L. Pl. Surin.: 90 (1775).
Hibiscus gossypifolius Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: n.° 10 (1768).
Hibiscus palmatilobus Baill. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 509 (1885).
Hibiscus sanguineus Griff. Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 520 (1854).
Hibiscus subdariffa Rottb. Acta Lit. Univ. Hafn. 1: 297 (1778), orth. var.
Sabdariffa digitata (Cav.) Kostel. Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836).
Sabdariffa rubra Kostel. Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Hibiscus masuianus De Wild. & T.Durand	SEPASAL Database (Kew, 2020)
Hibiscus sabdariffa	Conservation of Indonesian Medicinal Plants (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Med. Pl. and Extracts Market News Service (Brinkmann et al., 2009) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014) Useful Pl. of Kongo C. Province, Vol 1-2 (Latham & ku Mbuta, 2017)
Hibiscus sabdariffa DC.	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Hibiscus sabdariffa L.	African Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st edn. (2010) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Commercially Important African Med. Plants (Van Wyk, 2015) Conservation of Indonesian Medicinal Plants (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Manual de Propagación de Pl. Med. (Durán García et al., 2016) Med. & Pois. Pl. 2 (Valkenburg et al., 1999) Med. Pl. E. Nicaragua (Coe et al., 1996) Med. Pl. Used by Women in Mecca (Alqethami et al., 2017) Med. Pl. in the Mediterranean: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Plants for Diabetes in C. America (Giovannini et al., 2016) Med. and Magical Pl. of S. Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Medicinal Plants of Brazil (Mors et al., 2000) Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2021) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) SEPASAL Database (Kew, 2020) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) SOTWP 2016: Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2015) SOTWP 2016: Useful Plants and Fungi Project (2015) Survey of Med. Pl. in Iraq (Al-Douri, 2000) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Hibiscus sabdariffa L., nom. cons.	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) SOTWP 2016: Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa (2015)
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linné var. sabdariffa	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
Hibiscus subdariﬀa L.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.

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NCBI — (Including Pubmed & GenBank)

Google Images

Google Scholar

Encyclopedia of Life

Search using all scientific names used for this plant:

NCBI — (Including Pubmed & GenBank)

Google Images