Plant Details

Accepted name:: Buxus sempervirens L. [Buxaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
abassian boxwood	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
asaq	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
baqas	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
box tree	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
boxtree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
boxwoodtree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
buis	Other	Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
buxbom	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
buxinho	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
buxo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
buxus sempervirens	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
caucasian boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
common box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
common or european box	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
european box	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
french boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
persian boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
samshad	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shamshad	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shemshād	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
turkish boxwood	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
árvore-da-caixa	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
şimşir	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
بقس	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
شمشاد	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
عثق	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
leaf		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Seed and leaf		Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
leal		Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 63 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Buxus hyrcana Pojark. Ref. Nauchno-Issl. Rabot, Otdelenie Biol. Nauk 1945: 7 (1947).
Buxus myrtifolia Lam. Encycl. 1: 511 (1785).
Buxus sempervirens var. arborescens L. Sp. Pl.: 983 (1753).
Buxus sempervirens var. suffruticosa L. Sp. Pl.: 983 (1753).
Buxus angustifolia Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 2 (1768).
Buxus arborescens Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 1 (1768).
Buxus arborescens var. angustifolia (Mill.) Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. argenteovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. aureolimbo Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus arborescens var. aureovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 31 (1770).
Buxus argentea Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus aurea Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus caucasica K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus colchica Pojark. Ref. Nauchno-Issl. Rabot, Otdelenie Biol. Nauk 1945: 7 (1947).
Buxus crispa K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus cucullata K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus elegantissima K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 477 (1873).
Buxus fruticosa Borkh. Rhein. Mag. Erweit. Naturk. 1: 544 (1793).
Buxus handsworthii K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus marginata Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus mucronata Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 62 (1859).
Buxus rosmarinifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 62 (1859).
Buxus salicifolia K.Koch Dendrologie 2(2): 476 (1873).
Buxus sempervirens var. angustifolia (Mill.) Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 262 (1821 publ. 1822).
Buxus sempervirens f. angustifolia (Mill.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens f. argenteovariegata (Weston) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens f. aureovariegata (Weston) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens var. bullata G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 194 (1864).
Buxus sempervirens f. bullata (G.Kirchn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. emarginata Sennen Exsicc. (Pl. Espagne): n.° 3572.
Buxus sempervirens var. fruticosa Gaudin Fl. Helv. 6: 143 (1830).
Buxus sempervirens f. glauca (G.Kirchn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. glauca G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 194 (1864).
Buxus sempervirens var. grandifolia Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 19 (1869).
Buxus sempervirens f. handsworthiensis (Dallim.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. handsworthiensis Dallim. Holly Yew Box: 226 (1908).
Buxus sempervirens var. humilis Mérat Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 372 (1812).
Buxus sempervirens subsp. hyrcana (Pojark.) Takht. Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57: 250 (1972).
Buxus sempervirens f. latifolia Sennen & Elías Exsicc.: (MA 75885), not validly publ.
Buxus sempervirens f. macrocarpa Sennen Exsicc.: (MA 75884), not validly publ.
Buxus sempervirens var. marginata Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1333 (1838).
Buxus sempervirens f. marginata (Loudon) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 391 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens f. microrrhina Cuatrec. Cavanillesia 3: 15 (1930).
Buxus sempervirens f. myrtifolia (Lam.) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 140 (1907).
Buxus sempervirens var. myrtifolia (Lam.) Loudon Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 704 (1842).
Buxus sempervirens var. pendula C.Pynaert Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 92 (1893).
Buxus sempervirens f. pendula (C.Pynaert) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. pendula-variegata C.Pynaert Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 168: 92 (1893).
Buxus sempervirens var. prostrata Dallim. Holly Yew Box: 228 (1908).
Buxus sempervirens f. prostrata (Dallim.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens var. putata Gaudin Fl. Helv. 6: 143 (1830).
Buxus sempervirens pyramidalis Simon-Louis Nursery Cat. (Simon-Louis) 1869: 21 (1869).
Buxus sempervirens f. pyramidalis (Simon-Louis) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 390 (1949).
Buxus sempervirens f. rosmarinifolium (Baill.) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 140 (1907).
Buxus sempervirens var. rosmarinifolium Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus sempervirens var. rotundifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus sempervirens f. rotundifolia (Baill.) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 284 (1903).
Buxus sempervirens var. subfrtuticosa Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 262 (1821 publ. 1822).
Buxus sempervirens f. suffruticosa (L.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 391 (1949).
Buxus suffruticosa Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 3 (1768).
Buxus tenuifolia Baill. Monogr. Buxac.: 61 (1859).
Buxus variegata Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 242 (1840).
Buxus vulgaris Bubani Fl. Pyren. 1: 117 (1897).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Buxus hyrcana	Med. Pl. in Russia & C Asia (Mamedov et al., 2005)
Buxus myrtifolia	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirens	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Buxus sempervirens L.	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) SOTWP 2016: Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2015) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Buxus sempervirens L. var. arborescens Lamk	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirens L. var. suffruticosa Lamarck	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Buxus sempervirense	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Buxus sempervirense Hook. f.	Ethnobot. of Swat Valley, Pakistan (Ali et al., 2018)

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