Plant Details

Accepted name:: Borago officinalis L. [Boraginaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
aakalanalige	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
bee bread	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bee plant	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
beebread	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
beeplant	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
bhonpathari	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
borage	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Medit. Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Market Med. Pl. of Monterrey, Mexico (Nicholson & Arzeni, 1993) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
borage (starflower) oil, refined	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
borage oil	Other	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
borage seed oil	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
boragem	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
boragine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boraginis flos	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boraginis herba	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
borago	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
borago officinalis	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
boragonis officinalis oleum raffinatum	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
borandella	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
boratsino	Other	Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos & Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006)
boretsch	Other	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boretschblüten	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
boretschkraut	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
borraja	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Guía de Pl. Med. en Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020) Market Med. Pl. of Monterrey, Mexico (Nicholson & Arzeni, 1993) Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007) Med. Pl. in N Peru (Revene et al., 2008) Med. Pl. in N Peruvian Andes (Corroto et al., 2019) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
borraja, flor	Other	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
borrega	Other	Guía de Pl. Med. en Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
borretsch	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
bourrache	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
bugloss	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
burrage	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common borage	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common bugloss	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cool-tankard	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
cow’s tongue pant	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
cow’s tongue plant	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
dadisha	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
dhaivipatra	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
einjähriger borretsch	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
galajibhi	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gaozabaan	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
gaozaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gaujaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
goazaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojaba	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojika sak	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojiya	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gul-e-gaozaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gurkenkraut	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
gurkört	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
kazban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharaptra	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharaptta	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharsah	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kozha	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kozhuppu	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lasanulshur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lisanussoor	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
liú lí jù	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
paatharee	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
rabo de alacrán	Other	Guía de Pl. Med. en Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
refined borage oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
refined starflower oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
shankha huli	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
sojialata	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
starflower	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
starflower oil	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
taharatulsanulshur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
tale-wort	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
talewort	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
xīng xīng huā	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
yeddunaluka	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
zohr lisan-us-saur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
星星花	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
琉璃苣	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
seed	refined oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
Leaf, flower		Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007)
flowering tops, flower		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
seed	refined seed oil	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
Herb		Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
aerial part, leaves		Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos & Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006)
leaves, flowers		Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Medit. Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009)
leaf, frond, flower, seed		Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
flowers, branches		Guía de Pl. Med. en Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
leaf, aerial part, entire plant, flower		Med. Pl. in N Peruvian Andes (Corroto et al., 2019)
leaves, flower, seed, stem	fresh herb (compounded with water), oil, juice	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
	oil	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
leaves		Market Med. Pl. of Monterrey, Mexico (Nicholson & Arzeni, 1993)
seeds		U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
flower, herb, seed oil		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seed	fatty oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
seed	fatty oil	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
leaf	dried leaf	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
flower	dried flower	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
seed	Fatty oil obtained from seeds by extraction and/or expression. It is then refined.	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
flores secas		Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 9 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Borago advena Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch., Suppl.: 272 (1782), opus utique oppr.
Borago aspera Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 25 (1782), opus utique oppr.
Borago hortensis L. Fl. Angl.: 12 (1754).
Borago officinalis var. alba Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 351 (1821 publ. 1822).
Borago officinalis var. coerulea Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).
Borago officinalis var. lilacina Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).
Borago officinalis var. saxicola Rouy Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 122 (1888).
Borago officinalis var. stenopetala Ducell. & Maire Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 60 (1928).
Borago officinalis var. variegata Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Borago officinalis	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Fitoterápicos no Brasil (Carvalho et al., 2008) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Borago officinalis L	Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Medit. Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009)
Borago officinalis L.	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Ethnobot. in W Granada Province, Spain (Benítez et al., 2010) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Guía de Pl. Med. en Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Market Med. Pl. of Monterrey, Mexico (Nicholson & Arzeni, 1993) Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007) Med. Pl. in N Peru (Revene et al., 2008) Med. Pl. in N Peruvian Andes (Corroto et al., 2019) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) SOTWP 2016: Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2015) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023) Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos & Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Borago officinalis Linn.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
Borago officinalis Linné	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
Borago ofﬁcinalis L.	Med. Pl. in the Med.: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008)
Borago oﬃcinalis L.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)

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