Plant Details

Accepted name:: Peganum harmala L. [Nitrariaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 3

Peganum harmala var. grandifiorum Hadidi

Peganum harmala var. harmala

Peganum harmala var. stenophyllum Boiss.

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
adrashma	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
adrashman	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
adyrshaman	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
african rue	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
african-rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
alharma	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
armel	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
aspand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
bender tiffi n en tamachek	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
besa#2;sa	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
bizr el hharmel	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
churma	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
cimai alavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaialavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaimarutonri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaiyalavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dinesht	Other	Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh et al., 2012)
epnubu	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
esfand	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
espand	Other	Med. Pl. in Markets of Mashhad, Iran (Amiri & Joharchi, 2013) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
espender	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
foreign	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
foreign henna	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gamarza	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
gandaku	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
gandhiyo	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
garmala obyknovennaya	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
garmala ob’knovennaya	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
gemeine syrische raute	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ghalqat edh dhi’b	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
haoma	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hara#2;le	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
haramal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
haramala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
harilik peeganum	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harjal	Other	Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
harmal	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Handbook of Arabian Med. Pl. (Ghazanfar, 1994) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmal rut#2;bab	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmalae semen	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
harmale	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmalkraut	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmalkraute	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
harmara	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmaro	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) Trad. Med. in Syria: Folk Med. in Aleppo (Alachkara et al., 2011) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010) Wild Med. Pl. in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013)
harmel peganum	Other	Med. Pl. Use: Tajik & Afghan Pamirs (Kassam et al., 2010)
harmel sahari	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
harmelbuske	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
harmul	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
herba pegani harmalae	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hermal	Other	Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hermale	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hermel	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hermelkraut	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hermelraute	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hharmal	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hom	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hormol	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hurmal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hurmala	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hurmaro	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hurmul	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hurmul or harmal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hurmur	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
hurmuro	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
isbaend-lahouri	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
isband	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
isband or ispand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
isbandlahouri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
isbendlahouri	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
isirik	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
isiriq	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ispand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ispand lahouri	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ispand soakhtani	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ispanthan	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ispun	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
kaladana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
kalandana	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
khiyyas	Other	Handbook of Arabian Med. Pl. (Ghazanfar, 1994)
khokrana	Other	SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
kisankoor	Other	Med. Pl. in Balochistan, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2014) Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016)
kisankur	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
lahouri-hurmul	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
lahourihurmul	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lsband	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lsbound lahouri	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lspand	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
l’harmel	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
mahmur çiç	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
mariamsakmela	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
mogilnik	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
moly	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
mountain rue	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
pegano	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
peganum	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
pégane	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
rata aruda	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
rue	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
rue sauvage	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
rue verte	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ruin weed	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ruta della siria	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
ruta salvatica	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
sad#2;hab barri	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
sadhâb barrí	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
sapand sokhtani	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
sarmala	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
sauvage	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
seemagoranta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seemagoronti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seeme goranti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sheersa	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
shima-goranti-vittulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimagorantivittulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimai#2;azha-vanai-virai	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
shimai-aravandi-virati	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
shimai-azha-vanai-virai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sima-goronti	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
simagoranta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
simagoronti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simaiyalavinai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
simaiyaravandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
sime-goranti	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
simegoranti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sipand	Other	Med. Pl. in Tajikistan (Williams et al., 2012) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
sipend	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
soma	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
spail-anai	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
spailanay	Other	Marketing of Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan (Hamayun et al., 2003)
spailaney	Other	Ethnomed. of Marghazar Valley, Pakistan (Yousufzai et al., 2010)
spand	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
spanda	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
spander	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
spanj	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
spélanè	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
stepnaya ruta	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
steppenraute	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
syrian rue	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Israeli Trad. Med. (Lev, 2006) Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) Med. Pl. in Tajikistan (Williams et al., 2012) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
syrian-rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
syrische raute	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
techepak	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
tukhm kunch hi maing	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tukhum-i-isfand	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
turetskaya kraska	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
turkey red	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
uzarih	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
vilayati-isband	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
vilayati-mhendi	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
wild raute	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
wild rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
wild rue; foreign henna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
üzerlik otu	Other	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
üzerlik tohumu	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
адрашма	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
испанд	Other	Med. Pl. in Tajikistan (Williams et al., 2012)
اسفند	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
اسپند	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
اسپندر	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
الحرمل	Other	Trad. Med. in Syria: Folk Med. in Aleppo (Alachkara et al., 2011)
حرجل	Other	Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
حرمل	Other	Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
حرمليان‬	Other	National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014)
سپَندر	Other	Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
රට අරූද	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
ḥarmel	Other	Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin & Pelt, 1982)
‫حرمل	Other	National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014)
骆驼蓬	Other	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
骆驼蓬子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Aerial parts, seeds		Wild Med. Pl. in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013)
Seed		Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002)
Fruit		Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh et al., 2012)
Semen		Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
Seed		Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000)
Seeds		Marketing of Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan (Hamayun et al., 2003)
Seed		Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Whole plant		Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
Twigs, branches		Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018)
Leaves, Seeds		Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019)
Seeds		Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016)
Whole plant		Med. Pl. in Balochistan, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2014)
Leaves, Seeds		Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Seeds		Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seed, root, stalk, leaf, flower		Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017)
Seeds, stem		Ethnomed. of Marghazar Valley, Pakistan (Yousufzai et al., 2010)
Seeds		Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019)
seed		Israeli Trad. Med. (Lev, 2006)
seed, aerial parts		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
seed		Med. Pl. in Markets of Mashhad, Iran (Amiri & Joharchi, 2013)
all plant		Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
seed		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seed	dried seed	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
seed		Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin & Pelt, 1982)
Fruit (Seed)		Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
aerial parts	dried aerial parts	WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010)
herb, seeds, leaves		Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 2 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Harmala peganum Crantz Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 463 (1766).
Peganon harmalum (L.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 131 (1880).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Peganum harmala	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020) Herbal Med. in Jordan (Abu-Irmaileh & Afifib, 2003) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Marketing of Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan (Hamayun et al., 2003) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) Med. Pl. in Tajikistan (Williams et al., 2012) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Peganum harmala L.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017) Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Handbook of Arabian Med. Pl. (Ghazanfar, 1994) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Israeli Trad. Med. (Lev, 2006) Med. Pl. Use: Tajik & Afghan Pamirs (Kassam et al., 2010) Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin & Pelt, 1982) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Med. Pl. in Azerbaijan Republic (Ibadullayeva, 2020) Med. Pl. in Balochistan, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2014) Med. Pl. in Jordan (Oran, 1998) Med. Pl. in Markets of Mashhad, Iran (Amiri & Joharchi, 2013) Med. Pl. in the Med.: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. and Magical Pl. of S Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh et al., 2012) Trad. Med. in Syria: Folk Med. in Aleppo (Alachkara et al., 2011) Trad. Use of Ethnomed. Pl. of Saudi Arabia (Aati et al., 2019) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) Useful Pl. of Wakhan & Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016) WHO Monog. on Med. Pl. in New. Ind. States (2010) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) Wild Med. Pl. in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Peganum harmala Linn.	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) SOTWP 2016: Useful Pl. of W Tropical Africa (2015) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
Peganum hermala L.	Ethnomed. of Marghazar Valley, Pakistan (Yousufzai et al., 2010)
Pegnum harmala L.	Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in C Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018)

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