Plant Details

Accepted name:: Peganum harmala L. [Nitrariaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 3

Peganum harmala var. grandifiorum Hadidi

Peganum harmala var. harmala

Peganum harmala var. stenophyllum Boiss.

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
adrashma	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
adyrshaman	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
african rue	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
african-rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
alharma	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
aspand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
cimai alavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaialavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaimarutonri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cimaiyalavanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dinesht	Other	Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh, 2012)
esfand	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
espand	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
espender	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
foreign henna	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gamarza	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
gandhiyo	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
garmala obyknovennaya	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
haramala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
harjal	Other	Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
harmal	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Handbook of Arabian Medicinal Plants (Ghazanfar, 1994) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in Central Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
harmala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
harmalae semen	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
harmalkraute	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
harmara	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
harmel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) Wild Med. Plants in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013)
harmelbuske	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
harmul	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hermal	Other	Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
hermel	Other	Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
hurmal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hurmala	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hurmul	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
hurmul or harmal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hurmur	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
hurmuro	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
isband	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
isband or ispand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
isbandlahouri	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
isbendlahouri	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
isiriq	Other	Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)
ispand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
ispand lahouri	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
ispand soakhtani	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ispun	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kaladana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kalandana	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
khiyyas	Other	Handbook of Arabian Medicinal Plants (Ghazanfar, 1994)
khokrana	Other	SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999)
kisankoor	Other	Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014) Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016)
lahouri-hurmul	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lahourihurmul	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
lsband	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lsbound lahouri	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lspand	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
peganum	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
rata aruda	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
rue sauvage	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
sapand sokhtani	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
seemagoranta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seemagoronti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seeme goranti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sheersa	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
shima-goranti-vittulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimagorantivittulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shimai-azha-vanai-virai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simagoranta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
simagoronti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simaiyalavinai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
simaiyaravandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simegoranti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sipand	Other	Medicinal Plants in Tajikistan (Williams et al. 2012)
soma	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
spailanay	Other	Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003)
spander	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
steppenraute	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
syrian rue	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) Medicinal Plants in Tajikistan (Williams et al. 2012) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) Survey of Trad. Drugs Sold in Jordan (Lev, 2002) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
syrian-rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
tukhm kunch hi maing	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
turkey red	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wild rue	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
üzerlik tohumu	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
адрашма	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
испанд	Other	Medicinal Plants in Tajikistan (Williams et al. 2012)
اسفند	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
اسپند	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
اسپندر	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
حرجل	Other	Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
حرمل	Other	Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
سپَندر	Other	Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016)
රට අරූද	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
ḥarmel	Other	Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin et al., 1982)
骆驼蓬	Other	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Aerial parts, seeds		Wild Med. Plants in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013)
Seed		Survey of Trad. Drugs Sold in Jordan (Lev, 2002)
Fruit		Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh, 2012)
Semen		Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011)
Seed		Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000)
Seeds		Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003)
Seed		Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Whole plant		Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
Twigs, branches		Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in Central Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018)
Leaves, Seeds		Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019)
Seeds		Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016)
Whole plant		Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014)
Leaves, Seeds		Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Seeds		Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seed, root, stalk, leaf, flower		Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017)
all plant		Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998)
seed		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seed	dried seed	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
seed		Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin et al., 1982)
Fruit (Seed)		Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
herb, seeds, leaves		Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 2 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Harmala peganum Crantz Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 463 (1766).
Peganon harmalum (L.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 131 (1880).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Peganum harmala	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) Med. Pl. of Utror-Gabral Valleys, Pakistan. (Hamayun et al., 2003) Medicinal Plants in Tajikistan (Williams et al. 2012) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) Survey of Trad. Drugs Sold in Jordan (Lev, 2002) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Peganum harmala L.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017) Ethnobot. & Trade of Pl. in Qaysari Market, Iraq (Mati & Boer, 2011) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Handbook of Arabian Medicinal Plants (Ghazanfar, 1994) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. Uzbekistan & Kyrgyzstan (Eisenman et al., 2013) Med. Pl. Yemen (Fleurentin et al., 1982) Med. Pl. in Arid Regions of N. Punjab, Pakistan (Ashfaq et al., 2019) Med. Pl. in Azerbaijan Republic (Ibadullayeva, 2020) Med. Pl. in District Mastung of Balochistan (Bibi et al., 2014) Med. Pl. in the Mediterranean: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Plants in Jordan (Oran, 1998) Med. and Magical Pl. of S. Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) Pl. for Geohelminth in Kalat District, Pakistan (Bibi et al., 2016) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) SEPASAL Database (Kew, 2020) SEPASAL database (Kew, 1999) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) Survey in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad, Iran (Mosaddegh, 2012) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) Useful plants of Wakhan and Pamir, Afghanistan (Soelberg, 2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) Wild Med. Plants in M'Sila, Algeria (Boudjelal et al., 2013) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Peganum harmala Linn.	Consv. of Endangered Med. Pl. in Arid Desert Region (Lang et al., 2017) SOTWP 2016: Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa (2015) Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
Pegnum harmala L.	Med. Pl. for Oral Diseases in Central Punjab (Fatima et al., 2018)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.

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