Plant Details

Accepted name:: Tilia × europaea L. [Malvaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
common lime	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
cvet lipe	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
european lime	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
european lime tree	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
european linden	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
floare de tei	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
holländische linde	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
hopealehmus, kukka	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
hársfavirágzat	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
kwiat lipy	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
liepu ziedi	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
lime	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
lime flower	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
lime flowers	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983)
lime tree	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
lindblomma	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
linde	Other	Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
lindebloesem	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
lindeblomst	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
linden	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
linden tree	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
lindenbaum	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
lindenblüten	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
lipový kvet	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
lipový květ	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
parklind	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
pärnaõis	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
tiglio	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
tiglio fiore	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
tilia	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
tilia europaea	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
tiliae flos	Pharmaceutical	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
tilleul	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
tilleul (fleur de)	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
tilleul commun	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
tilleul fleur	Other	Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
tilo	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983)
tilo, flor de	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
tília, flor	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
άνθος φιλλύρας	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
липа, цвят	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
inflorescence		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
bark, infloresence, bract		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
flos		EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011)
Flowerheads		Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
flower	whole, dried inflorescence	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
flower	whole, dried inflorescence	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
inflorescence	Whole, dried inflorescence	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 24 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Tilia × vulgaris Hayne Getreue Darstell. Gew. 3: t. 47 (1813).
Tilia grandifolia f. praestabilis J.Wagner ex Vöröss Stud. Bot. Hung. 17: 71 (1984).
Tilia sylvestris subsp. intermedia (DC.) Bonnier Fl. Ill. France 2: 74 (1912).
Tilia × acuminata Opiz Seznam: 98 (1852).
Tilia × banatica Beldie in T.Săvulescu, Fl. Republ. Popul. Române 6: 82 (1958).
Tilia × bohemica Dalla Torre & Sarnth. Fl. Tirol 6(2): 803 (1909), nom. illeg.
Tilia × carnuntiae Heinr.Braun Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 320 (1895).
Tilia × communis Gaterau Desc. Pl. Montauban: 98 (1789).
Tilia × croatica Degen & Heinr.Braun in A.von Degen, Fl. Veleb. 2: 421 (1937).
Tilia × eriostylis Borbás Magyar Orv. Termész. Nagy Gyül. Tört. Vázl. Munk. 23: 384 (1887).
Tilia × europaea var. latifolia Ten. Index Seminum (NAP, Neapolitano) 1824: 8 (1824).
Tilia × europaea pallida Wierzb. ex Rchb. Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 6: 58 (1844).
Tilia × europaea var. pallida (Wierzb. ex Rchb.) Rehder Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2: 624 (1940).
Tilia × europaea f. pendula Rehder Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2: 624 (1940).
Tilia × floribunda Rchb. Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 6: 58 (1844), nom. illeg.
Tilia × hybrida Behlen in J.M.Bechstein, Forstbot., ed. 5: 161 (1843).
Tilia × intermedia DC. Prodr. 1: 518 (1824).
Tilia × officinarum Crantz Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 61 (1763).
Tilia × oxycarpa Rchb. ex Bayer Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 12: 37 (1862).
Tilia × pallida (Wierzb. ex Rchb.) Simonk. Math. Term. Közlem. 22: 344 (1888), nom. illeg.
Tilia × platyphylla Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 637 (1821 publ. 1822), nom. superfl.
Tilia × pseudobliqua Simonk. Math. Term. Közlem. 22: 300 (1888).
Tilia × subparvifolia Borbás Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 7: 4 (1889).
Tilia × vulgaris Hill Brit. Herb.: 523 (1756), opus utique oppr.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Tilia europaea L.	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Tilia vulgaris Hayne	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Tilia vulgaris Heyne	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Tilia x europaea L.	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
Tilia x europea L.	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
Tilia x vulgaris Hayne	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
Tilia x vulgaris Heyne	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) EMA Com. Monog.: Tilia spp., flo. (2011) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
Tilia × vulgaris Heyne	Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Tilia ×europaea L.	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)

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