Plant Details

Accepted name:: Menyanthes trifoliata L. [Menyanthaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
bitterklee	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
bitterkleeblätter	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
bog bean	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
bog-bean	Other	Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
bog-myrtle	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
bogbean	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
bogbean leaf	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
bogbean leaf (en)	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
buck bean	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
buck-bean	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
buckbean	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
common bogbean	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
common buckbean	Other	Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998)
feuilles de ményanthe (fr)	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
fiberklee	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
fieberklee	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
fieberkleeblätter (ge)	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
foglia di trifoglio fibrino (it)	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
folia menyanthidis trifoliatae	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014)
hojas de trebol de agua (sp)	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
marsh trefoil	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
marsh-clover	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
marsh-trefoil	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
menyanthes	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
menyanthes trifoliata	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
menyanthidis folium	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
menyanthidis folium, trifolii fibrini folium, folia trifolii fibrini	Pharmaceutical	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
menyanthidis trifoliatae folium	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
menyanthis folium	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
ményanthe	Other	Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
scarfano	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995)
shi cai	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
trebol de agua	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
trefle d`eau	Other	Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
trevo aquático	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
trevo dos charcos	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
trevo d´água	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
trifoglio d'acqua	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
trifoglio fibrino	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
trifolii fibrini folium	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
trifolio fibrino	Other	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
trèfle d'eau	Other	Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
trèfle d’eau	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
trébol acuático	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
vattenklöver	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
water shamrock	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
water trefoil	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
трилисник	Other	Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
leaf		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
leaf		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Leaf		Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
leaf		Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998)
leaf, rhizome		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
leaf	dried entire or fragmented leaves	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
leaf	dried, entire or fragmented leaf	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
leaf	vegetal drug	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
leaf	Dried, entire or fragmented leaf	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 13 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Menyanthes americana Sweet Hort. Brit.: 282 (1826).
Menyanthes latifolia Raf. New Fl. 2: 20 (1837).
Menyanthes palustris Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 340 (1821 publ. 1822).
Menyanthes paradoxa Fr. Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.: 71 (1828).
Menyanthes tridentata Raf. New Fl. 2: 20 (1837).
Menyanthes trifoliata f. brevistyla Aver. in L.V.Averyanov & al., Konsp. Sosud. Rast. Zakaz. Mshinskoe Boloto Leningrad. Oblasti: 91 (1988), no type indicated.
Menyanthes trifoliata f. macrophylla Bolzon Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908: 8 (1908).
Menyanthes trifoliata f. microphylla Bolzon Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908: 9 (1908).
Menyanthes trifoliata var. minor Fernald Rhodora 31: 198 (1929).
Menyanthes trifoliata var. paradoxa Fr. Novit. Fl. Svec. 1: 7 (1814).
Menyanthes trifoliata subsp. verna (Raf.) Gervais & M.Parent Ludoviciana 31: 19 (2003).
Menyanthes trifolium Neck. Delic. Gallo-Belg.: 105 (1768).
Menyanthes verna Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 33 (1830).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
MenjXlnthes trifoliata L.	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Menyanthes trifoliata	Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007)
Menyanthes trifoliata L.	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006) Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) SOTWP 2016: Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2015) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
Menyanthes trifoliata Linné	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
Menyanthes trifoliata L.	Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015)

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