Plant Details

Accepted name:: Sambucus nigra L. [Viburnaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
aalhornblüten	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
aghti	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
agti	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
american elder bailasan	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
black elder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
black-berried elder	Other	National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014)
bodzavirág	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
bombardie	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
boortree	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
bore tree	Other	PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
boumbardelia	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
boumbardier	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
bourtree	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bourtree flower	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
campukacceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
common elder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014)
couloubrignier	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
elder	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbal Sector of Serbia (Stevanovic, 2011) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
elder and dock	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
elder berries	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
elder flower	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) EMA Com. Monog.: Sambucus nigra, flo. (2007) Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
elder flowers	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
elderberry	Other	Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
elderberry tree	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
elderflower	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
elderflower wine	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
elderflowers	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
ellumblow-flower of elder	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
european black elder	Other	Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
european black elderberry	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
european elder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
european elder berry dry extract	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
european elderberry	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
fiore di sambuco	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
fleurs de sureau	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
fliederblüten	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flikfläder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
flor de sabugeiro	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flor de sauco	Other	Med. Pl. by Health Professionals, Mexico (Alonso-Castro et al., 2017)
flores de sauco	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flores sambuci	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flores sambuci nigrae	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014)
flos sambuci	Pharmaceutical	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flos sambucinigra	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
fläder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
gendalash	Other	Med. Pl. in Azerbaijan Republic (Ibadullayeva, 2020)
grand sureau	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
holderblüten	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
hollerblüten	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
holunder	Other	Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
holunderblüten	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
hüschenblumen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
kabiusabugah	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
kalikenblumen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
khamaan kabir	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
khaman kabiv sabubah	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
khamān-e-kabir	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
koufoxylia	Other	Herbal Market of Cyprus (Karousou & Deirmentzoglou, 2011)
koufoxyliá	Other	Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
lderberry	Other	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020)
mermerká	Other	Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
mürver	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
okkez sidi musa	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
patlanguc	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
petadou	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
pipe tree	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sabugeiro	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sabugueiro	Other	Farmacopeia Brasileira, 5th edn. (Anvisa, 2010) Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007) Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitãoa et al., 2014)
sabugueiro-negro	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
sahuquier	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sahus sambequie	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sambuc	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sambuci flos	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) EMA Com. Monog.: Sambucus nigra, flo. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
sambuci fructus	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
sambuco	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sambucus	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
sambucus flowers	Other	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
sambucus nigra flos	Pharmaceutical	Farmacopeia Brasileira, 5th edn. (Anvisa, 2010)
sambugo	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sammuch	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sammuco	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sauci	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
saucio	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sauco	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sauco tilo	Other	Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007)
sauco, flor	Other	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)
sauguer	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
saúco	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
schwarzer holunder	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
scwarzer holunder	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seic	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
seiyouniwatoko	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sultanotu	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sureau	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sureau noir	Other	PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
sweet elder	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
zamboúkkos	Other	Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
zampouko	Other	Herbal Market of Cyprus (Karousou & Deirmentzoglou, 2011)
zova	Other	Native Med. Pl. of Mt. Rtanj (Zlatković et al., 2014)
ζαμπούκκος	Other	Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
κουφοξυλιά	Other	Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
μερμερκά	Other	Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
бузина чoрна	Other	Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015)
آقطی	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
خمان کبیر	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
ᾱqti	Other	Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
‫بيلسان‬	Other	National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
flower		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
Leaf, flower		Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007)
flower, fruit, stem bark		Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
Flos, fructus		Native Med. Pl. of Mt. Rtanj (Zlatković et al., 2014)
Flower		Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002)
flos		EMA Com. Monog.: Sambucus nigra, flo. (2007)
Flower		Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000)
Flower		Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Aerial parts		Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Fruit, Flower		WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
inﬂorescences		Herbal Market of Cyprus (Karousou & Deirmentzoglou, 2011)
flower, leaf		Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013)
flower, leaf		Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016)
Flower, fruit		Med. Pl. in Azerbaijan Republic (Ibadullayeva, 2020)
leaf, inflorescence, fruit		Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017)
leaves		Med. Pl. by Health Professionals, Mexico (Alonso-Castro et al., 2017)
flower, berries, inner bark		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
flower		Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007)
flower		WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023)
fruits	ripened fruits	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020)
flower, fruit		Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
flower	dried flower	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004)
flower, root, leaf		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
flower	dried flower	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
flower	dried flower	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
flower	dried flowers	Farmacopeia Brasileira, 5th edn. (Anvisa, 2010)
flower	Dried flowers	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
flores secas		Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 65 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Sambucus alba Raf. Alsogr. Amer.: 48 (1838).
Sambucus arborescens Gilib. Exerc. Phyt. 1: 5 (1792), opus utique oppr.
Sambucus aurea (Sweet) Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 63: 384 (1891).
Sambucus columnaris Lebas Rev. Hort. (Paris) 56: 298 (1884).
Sambucus dissecta K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus elegans K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus floribunda K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus florida Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 173 (1796), nom. superfl.
Sambucus hirta Tausch Flora 21: 737 (1838).
Sambucus laciniata (L.) Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 2 (1768).
Sambucus leucocarpa K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus linearis K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus lucida Tausch Flora 21: 737 (1838).
Sambucus medullosa Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 2 (1782), opus utique oppr.
Sambucus monstrosa Loudon Hort. Brit., Suppl. 2: 671 (1839).
Sambucus nigra f. alba (Weston) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 599 (1949).
Sambucus nigra var. alba Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 266 (1770).
Sambucus nigra var. albida Sweet Hort. Brit.: 194 (1826).
Sambucus nigra f. albomarmorata Geerinck Taxonomaniac 1: 19 (2001), nom. superfl.
Sambucus nigra var. albovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 266 (1770).
Sambucus nigra f. albovariegata (Weston) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 32 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. aurea Sweet Hort. Brit.: 194 (1826).
Sambucus nigra f. aurea (Sweet) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 33 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. aureovariegata Rehder Man. Cult. Trees: 796 (1927).
Sambucus nigra var. cannabinifolia Pépin Hort. Universel 3: 231 (1842).
Sambucus nigra f. chlorocarpa (Hayne) Geerinck Taxonomaniac 1: 19 (2001).
Sambucus nigra var. chlorocarpa Hayne Dendrol. Fl.: 39 (1822).
Sambucus nigra var. decussata Gillot Bull. Soc. Bot. France (Sess. Extr.): XII (1883).
Sambucus nigra var. dimorphophylla Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 69 (1903).
Sambucus nigra f. dissecta K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 72 (1872).
Sambucus nigra fastigiata V.Gibbs Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929: 286 (1929).
Sambucus nigra filifolia Kache Gartenschönheit 7: 238 (1926).
Sambucus nigra f. heterophylla (Pépin) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 32 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. heterophylla Pépin Hort. Universel 3: 231 (1842).
Sambucus nigra f. laciniata (L.) Zabel in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 437 (1903).
Sambucus nigra var. laciniata L. Sp. Pl.: 269 (1753).
Sambucus nigra var. leucocarpa Hayne Dendrol. Fl.: 39 (1822).
Sambucus nigra var. linearis G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 447 (1864).
Sambucus nigra f. linearis (G.Kirchn.) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 633 (1911).
Sambucus nigra f. luteomarmorata Geerinck Taxonomaniac 1: 19 (2001), nom. superfl.
Sambucus nigra var. luteovariegata Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 266 (1770).
Sambucus nigra f. luteovariegata (Weston) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 32 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. mileri Podp. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 50: 215 (1900).
Sambucus nigra var. pendula (Dippel) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 633 (1911).
Sambucus nigra f. pendula Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 168 (1889).
Sambucus nigra pendula-nova Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 62: 503 (1890).
Sambucus nigra f. porphyrophylla E.C.Nelson Plantsman 8: 190 (1986).
Sambucus nigra var. pulla Aiton Hort. Kew. 1: 374 (1789).
Sambucus nigra var. pyramidalis H.Jaeger Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl.: 497 (1865).
Sambucus nigra f. pyramidalis (H.Jaeger) Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 168 (1889).
Sambucus nigra f. pyramidata (Lebas) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 30 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. pyramidata (Lebas) C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 633 (1911).
Sambucus nigra var. rotundifolia DC. Prodr. 4: 323 (1830).
Sambucus nigra f. rotundifolia (DC.) Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 168 (1889).
Sambucus nigra var. rotundifolia F.Towns. Fl. Hampshire: 159 (1883), nom. illeg.
Sambucus nigra var. variegata Hayne Dendrol. Fl.: 39 (1822).
Sambucus nigra var. virescens (Desf.) Sweet Hort. Brit.: 194 (1826).
Sambucus nigra var. viridis Weston Bot. Univ. 1: 266 (1770).
Sambucus nigra f. viridis (Weston) Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 18: 29 (1909).
Sambucus nigra var. vulgaris Hayne Dendrol. Fl.: 38 (1822).
Sambucus pulverulenta K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 71 (1872).
Sambucus pyramidata Lebas Rev. Hort. (Paris) 56: 298 (1884).
Sambucus rotundifolia Lodd. ex Sweet Hort. Brit., ed. 2: 257 (1830), nom. nud.
Sambucus virescens Desf. Hist. Arbr. France 1: 348 (1809).
Sambucus vulgaris Neck. Delic. Gallo-Belg.: 156 (1768).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Sambucus nigra	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Herbal Sector of Serbia (Stevanovic, 2011) Med. Fitoterápicos no Brasil (Carvalho et al., 2008) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) Med. Pl. and Extracts Market News Service (Brinkmann et al., 2009) Med. Pl. in Russia & C Asia (Mamedov et al., 2005) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007) Trad. Drugs in Israel at End C20th (Lev & Amar, 2000) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) Tradit. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Sambucus nigra L.	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) EMA Com. Monog.: Sambucus nigra, flo. (2007) Ethnobot. in W Granada Province, Spain (Benítez et al., 2010) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopeia Brasileira, 5th edn. (Anvisa, 2010) Food & Med. in Rural Sweden, Ukraine & NW Russia (Stryamets et al., 2015) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Market of Cyprus (Karousou & Deirmentzoglou, 2011) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. & Magic Pl. from a Market, Brazil (de Albuquerque et al., 2007) Med. Pl. Traded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Leitãoa et al., 2014) Med. Pl. Use: Monasteries on Cyprus (Lardos & Heinrich, 2013) Med. Pl. by Health Professionals, Mexico (Alonso-Castro et al., 2017) Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007) Med. Pl. in the Med.: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008) Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Modern Pl. Use in Monasteries on Cyprus, 2006-2012 (Lardos, 2016) National List of Med. Pl. in Palestine (Ali-Shtayeh et al., 2014) Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) Native Med. Pl. of Mt. Rtanj (Zlatković et al., 2014) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Pl. for Malaria, Pl. for Fever (Milliken, 2021) Pl. in Armenian Trad. Med. for Antimicr. Activity (Ginovyan et al., 2017) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 1999) SEPASAL Database (RBG, Kew, 2020) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 43 (2020) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 2 (WHO, 2004) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Sambucus nigra L. subsp. nigra	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Sambucus nigra Linn.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Sambucus nigra Linné	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
Sanbucus nigra L.	Med. Pl. in Azerbaijan Republic (Ibadullayeva, 2020)

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