Plant Details

Accepted name:: Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. [Rutaceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
ache tree	Other	Dr. Duke's Databases: Ethnobotanical Subset (Duke, 2016)
amerikanskt pepparträd	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024)
clavalier d’amérique	Other	GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024)
common prickly ash	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
common pricklyash	Other	Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998)
kababa-i-khandan	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
northern prickly ash	Other	Dr. Duke's Databases: Phytochemical Subset. (Duke, 2016) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
northern prickly-ash	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024)
prickly ash	Other	Dr. Duke's Databases: Ethnobotanical Subset (Duke, 2016) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
prickly ash bark	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
prickly ash, northern	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
prickly-ash	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024)
suterberry	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
toothache bark	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
toothache tree	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
toothache-tree	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
toothachetree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024)
xanthoxylum	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
xanthoxylum fraxineum	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
yellow wood	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
zanthoxylum	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
zanthoxylum americanum whole	Other	Global Substance Registration System (GSRS) (FDA/NCATS, 2024)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Bark, berry		Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
bark, seed, fruit, root		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 12 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Zanthoxylum fraxineum Willd. Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 757 (1806).
Mioptrila odorata Raf. Amer. Man. Mulberry Trees: 37 (1839).
Thylax fraxineum (Willd.) Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 114 (1830).
Zanthoxylum americanum f. armatius F.C.Gates Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 42: 136 (1939 publ. 1940).
Zanthoxylum americanum f. impuniens Fassett Torreya 42: 180 (1943).
Zanthoxylum caribaeum Gaertn. Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 333 (1788), nom. illeg.
Zanthoxylum cauliflorum Steud. Nomencl. Bot. 1: 897 (1821), not validly publ.
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis var. americanum Du Roi Diss. Inaug. Obs. Bot.: 57 (1771).
Zanthoxylum fraxinifolium Marshall Arbust. Amer.: 167 (1785).
Zanthoxylum mite Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.: 1013 (1809).
Zanthoxylum ramiflorum Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 235 (1803).
Zanthoxylum tricarpum Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer., Bot. N. Brit. Amer. 1: 118 (1831), nom. illeg.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Xanthoxylum americanum Mill.	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
Xanthoxylum fraxineum Willd.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Zanthoxylum americana Mill.	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Zanthoxylum americanum	Dr. Duke's Databases: Ethnobotanical Subset (Duke, 2016) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Zanthoxylum americanum Mill.	Dr. Duke's Databases: Phytochemical Subset. (Duke, 2016) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) GRIN-Global Taxonomy (USDA, 2024) Global Substance Registration System (GSRS) (FDA/NCATS, 2024) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2024) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2025) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Zanthoxylum americanum Miller	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.	Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Zanthoxylum fraxineum	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Zanthoxylum fraxineum Willd.	Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)

The following online resources may contain further information about this plant. Please click on any link to search that resource. You may search using the accepted name alone OR using the accepted name and all of its synonyms simultaneously.