Plant Details

Accepted name:: Viola tricolor L. [Violaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 5

Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E.Forst.) Syme

Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) A.F.W.Schmidt

Viola tricolor subsp. matutina (Klokov) Valentine

Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin

Viola tricolor subsp. tricolor

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
banafashaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
european wild pansy	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
feldstiefmütterchen	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
field pansy	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
fiołek trójbarwny	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)
heart s -ease	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
heart's-ease	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
hearts ease	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
heartsease	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009) Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
herba violae	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014)
hú dié huā	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jjohnny-jump-up	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
johnny jumpup	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
johnny-jump-up	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ladies-delight	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
love-in-idleness	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
miniature pansy	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pansy	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
pansy violet	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
pensamiento	Other	Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007)
pensée	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pensée sauvage	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
san se jin	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sanshiki-sumire	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
stiefmütterchenkraut	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
styvmorsviol	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sān sè jīn	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
viola del pensiero	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
viola tricolor	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
violae herba cum flore	Pharmaceutical	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
violae tricoloris herba	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
wild pansy	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009) Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
wild pansy (flowering aerial parts)	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
wild stiefmütterchen	Other	Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021)
wild violet	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
三色堇	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
蝴蝶花	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
flowering aerial parts		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
Leaf		Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007)
herba cum flore		EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)
whole shoot system		Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
herb, root		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
herb		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
aerial parts	dried flowering aerial parts	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
flowering aerial parts	dried flowering aerial parts	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
flowering aerial parts	Dried flowering aerial parts	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 5 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Jacea tricolor (L.) Opiz Seznam: 54 (1852).
Mnemion tricolor (L.) Spach Hist. Nat. Vég. 5: 515 (1836).
Viola tricolor subsp. erecta Ehrh. Hannover. Mag. 18: 232 (1780), not validly publ.
Viola tricolor var. major Roth Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 763 (1827), not validly publ.
Viola versicolor Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 130 (1796), nom. superfl.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Viola tricolor	Ethnomedica (RBG, Kew, 2020) Med. Pl. in Russia & C Asia (Mamedov et al., 2005) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Viola tricolor L.	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene et al., 2007) Med. Pl. of the Russian Pharm. (Shikov, 2014) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. and Magical Pl. of S Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Tea and Herbal Infusions Europe Pl. Inventory (THIE, 2021) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Viola tricolor L. subsp. tricolor	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
Viola tricolor Linn.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Viola tricolor Linné	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)

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