Plant Details

Accepted name:: Verbena officinalis L. [Verbenaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Infraspecies:: 2

Verbena officinalis var. africana (R.Fern. & Verdc.) Munir

Verbena officinalis var. officinalis

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
bhekpadi	Other	Plants and People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
common verbena	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
common vervain	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
druidenkraut	Other	Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994)
echtes eisenkraut	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
eisenkraut	Other	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
eisenkraut echtes	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
erba di san giovanni	Other	World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
erba sacra	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
erva-de-ferro	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
european verbena	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
european verbena herb	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
european vervain	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
ferraria	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
herb of the cross	Other	Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
herb-of the-cross	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
herba verbenae	Pharmaceutical	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
herbe sacree	Other	Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
hierba santa	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
holy herb	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
hors whip	Other	Wild Med. Pl. Jordan (Al-Qura'n, 2009)
horse whip herb	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
juno s tears	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
juno's tears	Other	Plants and People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
järnört	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
kumatsuzura	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
ma bian cao	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
ma bian tsao	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
mabiancao	Other	Med. Pls. Used by Maonan People in China. (Hong et al., 2015) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
mine çiçeği	Other	Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997)
official vervain	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
pigeon's-grass	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
pigeons-grass	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pittamari	Other	Plants and People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
planta-da-sorte	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
ray-al-hamām	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
shomakai	Other	Pl. for Snake and Scorpion Bite in N. Pakistan (Butt et al., 2015)
simpler's joy	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
simpler's-joy	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
turkey-grass	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
verbena	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
verbena commune	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
verbena herb	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
verbena medicinal	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
verbena officinalis	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
verbena officinalis, flos	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
verbenae herba	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
vervain	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Plants and People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
verveine officinale	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
verveine officinelle	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
wild verbena	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
رعي الحمام	Other	Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
馬鞭草	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
马鞭草	Other	Med. Pls. Used by Maonan People in China. (Hong et al., 2015) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
aerial parts	dried aerial parts	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
aerial parts		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
whole plant		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
aerial part		Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Herb		Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Whole plant		Med. Pls. Used by Maonan People in China. (Hong et al., 2015)
Whole plant		Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Roots and Leaves		Pl. for Snake and Scorpion Bite in N. Pakistan (Butt et al., 2015)
aerial part	dried aerial part	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
herb		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
aerial parts	dried aerial parts	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
aerial parts	whole or fragmented, dried aerial parts	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
aerial parts	whole or fragmented, dried aerial parts	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
aerial parts		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
leaf, stem		Wild Med. Pl. Jordan (Al-Qura'n, 2009)
flower		U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
flowering aerial parts	Whole or fragmented, dried aerial parts, collected during flowering	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 1 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Verbena officinalis var. latiloba Sennen Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 30: 38 (1931).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Verbena officinalis	Conservation of Indonesian Medicinal Plants (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Med. Pl. Trade Turkey (Özhatay et al., 1997) Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007) Traditional Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Verbena officinalis L.	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Med. & Pois. Pl. 1 (Padua et al., 1999) Med. Herbs Israel (Said et al., 2002) Med. Pl. Used by Tibetans in Shangri-La, Yunnan (Liu et al., 2009) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Pls. Used by Maonan People in China. (Hong et al., 2015) Med. and Magical Pl. of S. Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. for Snake and Scorpion Bite in N. Pakistan (Butt et al., 2015) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) Wild Med. Pl. Jordan (Al-Qura'n, 2009) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Verbena officinalis L. subsp. officinalis	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
Verbena officinalis Linnaeus	Plants and People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
Verbena officinalis Linné	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
Verbena ofﬁcinalis L.	Med. Pl. in the Mediterranean: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008)

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