Plant Details

Accepted name:: Panax quinquefolius L. [Araliaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
ameerika zensen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
american gingseng	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
american ginseng	Other	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Species in Primer (AHPA, 2013) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
american ginseng root	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
american white ginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
amerika ninjin	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
amerikanischer ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
amerikanne ginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
amerikansk ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
aralia quinquefolia	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
canadian ginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
canadian white ginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
chinese seng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
five fingers	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
five-fingers	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
garantogen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
ginseng americani	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995)
ginseng americano	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
ginseng d'amerique	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
ginseng d'amérique	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
ginseng, american	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009)
ginseng, amerikanischer	Other	Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994)
ginseng, panax	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
hsi-yang-shen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
hua-ch’i-seng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
huach’i-senh	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
kanadischer ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
laksmana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
little indian	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
man root	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
matc’etasa	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
ninsin	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
north americanginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
occidental ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
panacis quinquefolii radix	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
powdered american ginseng extract	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013)
radix panacis quinquefolii	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
sang	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
seiyou ninjin	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
seng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
shang	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
sheng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
si yang shen	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
tartar root	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wenane	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
wild american ginseng	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
xi yang shen	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
xi-yang-shen	Other	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
xiyangshen	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
西洋参	Other	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
西洋參	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
root	dried root	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
root	dried root	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
root	dried roots	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
Root	Peeled and sun-dried (White ginseng) or unpeeled, steamed and dried (red ginseng)	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Radix		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
root	dried root	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
root		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
root		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
root	dried root	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
root	dried root	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008)
root	dried root	WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009)
root	dried roots	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013)
root		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 8 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Aralia quinquefolia (L.) Decne. & Planch. Rev. Hort. (Paris), sér. 4, 3: 105 (1854).
Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood Amer. Bot. Fl.: 142 (1871).
Panax americanus (Raf.) Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax americanus var. elatus Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax americanus var. obovatus (Raf.) Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax cuneatus Raf. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 6: 286 (1834).
Panax quinquefolius var. americanus Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 52 (1830).
Panax quinquefolius var. obovatus Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 52 (1830).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Aralia quinquefolia Decne	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
Aralia quinquefolia Decne. & Planch.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Panax quinguefolium	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China. (Zhang et al., 2014)
Panax quinquefolium	Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007)
Panax quinquefolium L.	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Panax quinquefolius	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Species in Primer (AHPA, 2013) Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Med. Pl. and Extracts Market News Service (Brinkmann et al., 2009) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Panax quinquefolius L.	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Native American Ethnobotany (Moerman, 1998) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) Timber Press Plant Names (Erhardt et al., 2009) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) WHO Monographs Med. Pl. 4 (2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2021 (WHO-UMC, 2022) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)

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