Plant Details

Accepted name:: Panax quinquefolius L. [Araliaceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
ameerika zensen	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
american gingseng	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2010)
american ginseng	Other	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Spp. in Primer (AHPA, 2013) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020) WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
american ginseng root	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
american white ginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
amerika ninjin	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
amerikaanse ginseng	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
amerikanischer ginseng	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
amerikanne ginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
amerikansk ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
aralia quinquefolia	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
canadian ginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
canadian white ginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
chinese seng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
five fingers	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
five-fingers	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
garantogen	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
ginseng	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
ginseng americain	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
ginseng americano	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
ginseng d'amerique	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
ginseng d'amérique	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
ginseng, panax	Other	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
hsi-yang-shen	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
hua-ch’i-seng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
huach’i-senh	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
kanadischer ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
laksmana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
little indian	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
man root	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
matc’etasa	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
ninsin	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
north americanginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
occidental ginseng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
panacis quinquefolii radix	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
powdered american ginseng extract	Other	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013)
radix panacis quinquefolii	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacop. of China (2005) WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
sang	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
seiyou ninjin	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
seng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
shang	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
sheng	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
si yang shen	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
tartar root	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wenane	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
wild american ginseng	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
xi yang shen	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
xi-yang-shen	Other	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
xiyangshen	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
西洋参	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
西洋參	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
root	dried root	Pharmacop. of China (2010)
root	dried root	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
root	dried roots	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016)
Root	Peeled and sun-dried (White ginseng), unpeeled, steamed and dried (red ginseng)	Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
Radix		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
root	dried root	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
roots		U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020)
root		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
root		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
root	dried root	Pharmacop. of China (2005)
root	dried root	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008)
root	dried root	WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009)
root	dried roots	U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013)
root		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 8 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Aralia quinquefolia (L.) Decne. & Planch. Rev. Hort. (Paris), sér. 4, 3: 105 (1854).
Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood Amer. Bot. Fl.: 142 (1871).
Panax americanus (Raf.) Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax americanus var. elatus Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax americanus var. obovatus (Raf.) Raf. New Fl. 4: 58 (1838).
Panax cuneatus Raf. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 6: 286 (1834).
Panax quinquefolius var. americanus Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 52 (1830).
Panax quinquefolius var. obovatus Raf. Med. Fl. 2: 52 (1830).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Aralia quinquefolia Decne	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
Aralia quinquefolia Decne. & Planch.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Panax quinguefolium	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Panax quinquefolia	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
Panax quinquefolium	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Panax quinquefolium L.	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Panax quinquefolius	Commonly Traded CITES-Listed Spp. in Primer (AHPA, 2013) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Europe's Med. Pl. (Lange, 1998) Impact of Cult. of Med. Pl. on Biodiversity (Schippmann et al., 2002) Med. Pl. and Extracts Market News Service (Brinkmann et al., 2009) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Pl., Consv. & Livelihoods (Hamilton, 2004)
Panax quinquefolius L.	GAP Prod. of TCM Herbs in China (Zhang et al., 2010) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Meds., 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 32 (2008) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 37 (2013) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 39 (2016) U.S. Pharmacop. USP 43 (2020) WHO Monog. Med. Pl. 4 (WHO, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2019 (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2024 (WHO-UMC, 2024) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2022 (WHO-UMC, 2022) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)

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