Plant Details

Accepted name:

Viola tricolor subsp. tricolor [Violaceae]

Source of taxonomy and confidence:

World Checklist: unpublished records ( )

Information about this plant:

Plants of the World Online

Infraspecies of:

Viola tricolor L.

Infraspecies:

See all 4

Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii (E.Forst.) Syme

Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) A.F.W.Schmidt

Viola tricolor subsp. matutina (Klokov) Valentine

Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Gaudin

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
fiołek trójbarwny	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)
heartsease	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)
stiefmütterchenkraut	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
violae herba cum flore	Pharmaceutical	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)
violae tricoloris herba	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
wild pansy	Other	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
herba cum flore		EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 109 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

synonym
Viola tricolor var. hortensis DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor subsp. vulgaris (Rchb.) Oborný Fl. Mähren 4: 1142 (1886).
Ion tricolor Medik. Malvenfam.: 102 (1787).
Mnemion elegans Spach Hist. Nat. Vég. 5: 513 (1836).
Mnemion nemausense (Jord.) Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 341 (1868).
Mnemion sagotii (Jord.) Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 342 (1868).
Mnemion variatum (Jord.) Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 341 (1868).
Viola arvensis var. media DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 6: 618 (1815).
Viola banatica Kit. ex Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 5: 382 (1819).
Viola bella Gren. in J.C.M.Grenier & D.A.Godron, Fl. France 1: 184 (1847).
Viola bicolor Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. 4: 170 (1804).
Viola calcarata var. grandiflora (L.) Rouy & Foucaud Fl. France 3: 39 (1896).
Viola calcarata subsp. grandiflora (L.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 81 (1878).
Viola calcarata f. grandiflora (L.) Bolzon Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1912: 84 (1912).
Viola cantiana Drabble J. Bot. 47(Suppl. 2): 8 (1909).
Viola carpatica Borbás Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 422 (1891), nom. nud.
Viola confinis Jord. ex Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 80 (1878), not validly publ.
Viola deminuta Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 87 (1866).
Viola derelicta Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 101 (1859).
Viola flavida Jord. Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 25 (1852).
Viola foucaudii A.Sav. Ann. Soc. Sci. Nat. Charente-Infér. 14: 73 (1878).
Viola foucaudii Sav. in A.Tremeau de Rochebrune & A.Savatier, Cat. Pl. Phan. Charente: 49 (1860).
Viola garganica Strobl Oesterr. Bot. Z. 27: 224 (1877).
Viola grandiflora L. Mant. Pl. 2: 518 (1771).
Viola kupffieri Klokov in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 15: 683 (1949).
Viola lejeunei Jord. Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 27 (1852).
Viola lepida Jord. Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 28 (1852).
Viola leptoceras Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 87 (1866).
Viola lilascens Heldr. ex Boiss. Fl. Orient. 1: 466 (1867).
Viola lloydii Jord. ex Boreau Fl. Centre France, éd. 3, 2: 80 (1857).
Viola lutea var. sagotii (Jord.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 81 (1878).
Viola lutea var. vivariensis (Jord.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 81 (1878).
Viola luteola Jord. Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 27 (1852).
Viola media (DC.) Chaillet ex Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 5: 382 (1819), nom. superfl.
Viola meduanensis Boreau Fl. Centre France, éd. 3, 2: 80 (1857).
Viola mentita Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 101 (1859).
Viola micrantha Bertol. Misc. Bot. 1: 15 (1842), nom. illeg.
Viola mucuzii Orph. ex Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 80 (1878), not validly publ.
Viola mutabilis Rochel Pl. Banat. Rar.: index (1828).
Viola nemausensis Jord. Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 18 (1846).
Viola olonnensis Genev. Mém. Soc. Acad. Maine Loire 8: 178 (1860).
Viola orcadensis Drabble J. Bot. 65: 44 (1927).
Viola pallescens Jord. Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 10 (1846).
Viola parviflora Kit. ex Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 5: 383 (1819), not validly publ.
Viola peregrina Jord. ex Boreau Fl. Centre France, éd. 3, 2: 82 (1857).
Viola perennis Bailly Fl. Pleine Terre: 949 (1863).
Viola perrobusta Borbás Magyar Növényt. Lapok 13: 81 (1890).
Viola pratensis var. humilis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch in J.C.Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 2: 267 (1826).
Viola provostii Boreau Fl. Centre France, éd. 3, 2: 82 (1857).
Viola pseudolutea Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 87 (1866).
Viola ruralis Jord. ex Boreau Fl. Centre France, éd. 3, 2: 81 (1857).
Viola sagotii Jord. Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 34 (1846).
Viola sicula Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 86 (1866).
Viola soongorica Fisch. ex Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 1: 257 (1842).
Viola subtilis Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 101 (1859).
Viola tenella Muhl. ex Schwein. Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5: 78 (1822), nom. illeg.
Viola tricolor var. aequalis Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 79 (1893).
Viola tricolor f. alba Sigunov Glasn. Prir. Mus. Beogradu, Ser. B, Biol. Nauke 34: 86 (1979).
Viola tricolor subf. albescens Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 29: 44 (1904).
Viola tricolor var. banatica (Kit. ex Schult.) Rupr. Fl. Ingrica: 141 (1860).
Viola tricolor var. bicolor Hartm. Handb. Skand. Fl.: 110 (1820).
Viola tricolor var. calycina DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. cantiana (Drabble) P.D.Sell Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 692 (2018).
Viola tricolor var. carpatica (Borbás) P.D.Sell Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 692 (2018), not validly publ.
Viola tricolor var. crassifolia DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. degener DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. derelicta (Jord.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 80 (1878).
Viola tricolor f. excelsa Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 80 (1893).
Viola tricolor var. faeroensis Ostenf. Bot. Færöes 3: 856 (1908).
Viola tricolor subsp. faeroensis W.Becker Bot. Færöes 3: 856 (1908).
Viola tricolor f. flavescens Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 29: 44 (1904), nom. illeg.
Viola tricolor var. galbanata Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 46: 135 (1921).
Viola tricolor var. gracilescens (DC. ex Ging.) in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 304 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. grandiflora Lej. & Courtois Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 202 (1828).
Viola tricolor subsp. grandiflora (L.) Berher in L.Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 46 (1887).
Viola tricolor proles hortensis (DC. ex Ging.) Rouy & Foucaud Fl. France 3: 41 (1896).
Viola tricolor subsp. hortensis (DC. ex Ging.) Corb. Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 80 (1894).
Viola tricolor var. lejeunei (Jord.) P.D.Sell Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 692 (2018).
Viola tricolor var. luteola (Jord.) Willk. Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan.: 288 (1893).
Viola tricolor var. media Roth Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 763 (1827).
Viola tricolor var. minor Roth Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 764 (1827).
Viola tricolor var. nemausensis (Jord.) Gaut. Cat. Rais. Fl. Pyr.-Or.: 96 (1898).
Viola tricolor var. orcadensis (Drabble) P.D.Sell Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 692 (2018).
Viola tricolor var. ovatifolia DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. pallescens (Jord.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur.: 80 (1878).
Viola tricolor f. petrophila Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 80 (1893).
Viola tricolor var. polygonata Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 80 (1893).
Viola tricolor subsp. procumbens Ehrh. Hannover. Mag. 18: 232 (1780).
Viola tricolor var. purpurea DC. ex Ging. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303 (1824).
Viola tricolor var. raiblensis Lausi & Cusma-Vel. Stud. Geobot. 6: 128 (1986).
Viola tricolor ramosa Roth Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 764 (1827).
Viola tricolor f. rupicola Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 78 (1893).
Viola tricolor subsp. ruralis (Jord. ex Boreau) Berher in L.Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 46 (1887).
Viola tricolor var. sagotii (Jord.) Gaut. Cat. Rais. Fl. Pyr.-Or.: 96 (1898).
Viola tricolor simplex Roth Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 764 (1827).
Viola tricolor subf. subflavescens Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 29: 44 (1904).
Viola tricolor f. sublutescens Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 29: 45 (1904).
Viola tricolor var. syrtica Rupr. Fl. Ingrica: 141 (1860).
Viola tricolor f. tenella Farw. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 35 (1923).
Viola tricolor f. turgescens Brenner Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 19: 78 (1893).
Viola tricolor var. villosa Lange Index Seminum (C, Hauniensi) 1853: 19 (1853).
Viola tricolor f. violaceosignata H.Lindb. ex Hiitonen Suom. Kasvio: 412 (1933).
Viola tricolor subsp. vivariensis (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud Fl. France 3: 51 (1896).
Viola tricolor var. vulgaris Wimm. & Grab. Fl. Siles. 1: 225 (1827).
Viola variata Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 166 (1860).
Viola variegata Vuk. Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 44: 195 (1878), nom. illeg.
Viola vectensis (F.N.Williams) Drabble J. Bot. 65: 47 (1927).
Viola virgata Gren. in J.C.M.Grenier & D.A.Godron, Fl. France 1: 184 (1847).
Viola vivariensis Jord. Observ. Pl. Nouv. 1: 17 (1846).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Viola tricolor L. var. hortensis DC.	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Viola tricolor Linné subsp. vulgaris (Koch) Oborny	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
Viola tricolor subsp. vulgaris Koch (Oborny)	EMA Com. Monog.: Viola spp., herb.flo. (2009)

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