Plant Details

Accepted name:: Croton tiglium L. [Euphorbiaceae]
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online
Source:: World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
anjire-khatai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arabi-erand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
awgba	Other	Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014)
awogba	Other	Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012)
ba dou	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
badau	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
badou	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
badoushuang	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015)
bed-anjire-khatai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
berada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bidend jireh khatai castor oil seeds	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
bisanjeir-e-khatāyi	Other	Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
byaribittu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
byarilittu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bā dòu	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bā dòu yè	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bādòu	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
cadalavanacu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cadel-avanacu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
campari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cathay seeds	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
cemkian	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
cengkian	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
cevalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
chemkian	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
chengkian	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
cheraken	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
chiduram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cirukurinca	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
citturupa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
copi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
croton	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
croton cathartique	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
croton fruit	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010)
croton oil	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
croton oil plant	Other	PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
croton oil seed	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
croton seed	Other	Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
croton tiglium	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
croton, purging	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
croton-oil plant	Other	Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
crotone	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
crotone tiglio	Other	PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008)
crotonis fructus	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015)
crotonis semen	Pharmaceutical	Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
crotonis semen pulveratum	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015)
cróton	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
cōpi	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
dan rog	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
dand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
danthi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
danti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dantibija	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
dantibijah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dantibijam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
datun	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
defatted croton seed powder	Other	Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010)
den rok	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
dravanti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
dund	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
duntibeeja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dà yè shuāng yǎn lóng	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
dú yú zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
dǎ bù sǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
fructus crotonis	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2005)
habb-dilmaluk	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
habb-el-khatai	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
habb-el-salatin	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
habb-us-salaateen	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
habb-us-salateen	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
habbe-khatai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
habbus salateen	Other	Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
habbussalatin	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hasbbussalatin	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hazu	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
hub-ul-salatin	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
hubb-ul-malook	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
jaapaalada beeja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jaapala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jaavaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jaepaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jaipala	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
jaiphal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jamaalgotaa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
jamal gota taza	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jamal-gota	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jamalagota	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
jamalgota	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
jamalgota muddabir	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jamalgotah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jamlghota	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
japal beej	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
japal beekai	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
japala	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
japala beeja	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
japalada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
japalada-bija	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
japolota	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
jayapaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
jayapala	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014)
jayapāla (seed)	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
jempal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jepal	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
jepal japal	Other	Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
jepal-gota	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jepala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jepalah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jeyapal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jiāng zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jopaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kanakaphala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kanakho	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
kanibish	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
karchak-e-hendi	Other	Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
katalavanakku	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kattukkattai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kaypalum	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kemandah	Other	Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998)
kroton agaci	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
krotonoljeträd	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
krotonölbaum	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
lǎo yáng zǐ	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
maghz jamalgota	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mai-hkang	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
malaisirumallipatchilai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mogli-erand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mukula	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
mèng zǐ shù	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
naepaalamu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naepaalavemu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naepala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naepalvaema	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naervalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naganam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nagandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nakakenti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nakanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nakatenti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naypal	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
neervalam	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
neervaula	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepal	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
nepala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepala-vithalu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepala-vittulu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalamu	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
nepalavemu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalavitua	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalcha-bi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nepalo	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
neppalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ner valam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nervaala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nervaalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
nervala	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
nervalada	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nervalalm	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nervalam	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
nervalum cottay	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nervvalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nigumbam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nirvalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nityavanci	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nrvalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
nākaṇam	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
nēpāḷam	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
nērvāḷam (seed)	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
pa to tzii	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
pa tou	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
pa tow	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
pai to chee	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
penchahar	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
podi arisi	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
purgative croton	Other	Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
purgierkroton	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
purging croton	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
purging nut	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009)
pǎ rūn	Other	Med. Pl. of Limu Mountains, China (Zheng et al., 2013)
recakah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
salot	Other	Pl. Used in Phatthalung Province, Thailand (Maneenoon et al., 2015)
sambari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sayabalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
semen crotonis pulveratum	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacop. of China (2005)
sevalamkottai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sevalangottai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
shuāng yǎn lóng	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
siduram	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
simalakian	Other	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
simanepalam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sultans seeds	Other	Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020)
tanti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
tendi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tenti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tintidiphala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
tintiḍīphala	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
titteriphala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tra ba nti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tra ban ti (d)	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
true croton	Other	Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
tukhme bed anjeer khatai	Other	Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
valam	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
vanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vāḷam	Other	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
بیدانجیر خطایی	Other	Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
دند	Other	Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
کرچک هندی	Other	Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
ජයපාල	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
පොඩි අරිසි	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
དན་རོག །	Other	Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020)
双眼龙	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
大葉雙眼龍	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
孟子樹	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
巴豆	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
巴豆叶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
巴豆壳	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
巴豆树根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
巴豆油	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
打不死	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
毒鱼子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
江子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
老阳子	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
seed		Pharmacop. of China (2010)
leaves		Med. Pl. of Limu Mountains, China (Zheng et al., 2013)
Seed		Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002)
Root Bark, Leaf		Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
Seed		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Seed		Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Leaves, Roots, Seeds		Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Seed, oil		Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
seed	dried ripe seed	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
leaf, frond		Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Seed		Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
seeds	dry seeds	Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014)
seed	oil	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
seeds	dry plant material	Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014)
seeds	dry seeds	Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012)
seed		Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998)
seeds		Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
seed, oil		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Seeds		Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
seed		Pharmacop. of China (2005)
seed	dried seed	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
seed	dried seed	Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
seed	fixed oil	Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006)
Fruit (Seed)		Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
seed		Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007)
seed	dried seed	Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008)
seed		Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 23 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Croton officinalis (Klotzsch) Alston in H.Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 4(Suppl.): 264 (1931), nom. superfl.
Alchornea vaniotii H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan: 95 (1916).
Croton acutus Thunb. in J.A.Murray (ed.), Syst. Veg., ed. 14.: 863 (1784).
Croton arboreus Shecut Fl. Carol.: 470 (1806), nom. rej.
Croton birmanicus Müll.Arg. Linnaea 34: 112 (1865).
Croton camaza Perr. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 112 (1825).
Croton glandulosus Blanco Fl. Filip.: 754 (1873), nom. illeg.
Croton himalaicus D.G.Long Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44: 170 (1986).
Croton jamalgota Buch.-Ham. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 14: 258 (1824).
Croton jatrophifolius Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 600 (1866).
Croton muricatus Blanco Fl. Filip., ed. 2.: 518 (1845), nom. illeg.
Croton pavana Buch.-Ham. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 14: 259 (1824).
Croton tiglium var. globosus J.J.Sm. in S.H.Koorders & T.Valeton, Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java 12: 349 (1910).
Croton tiglium var. xiaopadou Y.T.Chang & S.Z.Huang Wuyi Sci. J. 2: 23 (1982), with two gatherings cited as type.
Croton xiaopadou H.S.Kiu J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 6: 103 (1998).
Halecus verus Raf. Sylva Tellur.: 62 (1838).
Kurkas tiglium (L.) Raf. Sylva Tellur.: 62 (1838).
Oxydectes birmanica (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 611 (1891).
Oxydectes blancoana Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 610 (1891).
Oxydectes jatrophifolia (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 610 (1891).
Oxydectes pavana (Buch.-Ham.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 610 (1891).
Oxydectes tiglium (L.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 614 (1891).
Tiglium officinale Klotzsch Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 418 (1843).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Croton officinalis	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Croton tighlium	Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016)
Croton tiglium	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020) Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Trad. Drugs in Jordan (Lev & Amar, 2002) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014) Trad. Persian Med. Pl. Database (Rahimi et al., 2018)
Croton tiglium L.	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017) Domestic Market in Herb. Med. in Benin (Quiroz et al., 2014) Duke's Ethnobot. DB: Ethnobot. (USDA, 1992-2016) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Gabon׳s Med. Pl. Markets (Towns et al., 2014) Ghana’s Herbal Market (van Andel et al., 2012) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kew's Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2020) Materia Med. in Sowa Rigpa (Wangyal et al., 2020) Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018) Med. & Pois. Pl. 2 (Valkenburg et al., 1999) Med. Pl. Braz. Pharm. (Brandão et al., 2006) Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998) Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Med. Pl. of Limu Mountains, China (Zheng et al., 2013) Orders & Families of Med. Pl. in Philippines (Carag & Buot, 2017) PROTA: Med. Pl. Trop. Africa 1 (Schmelzer et al., 2008) Pharmacop. of China (2005) Pharmacop. of China (2010) Pharmacop. of China (2015) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. Used in Phatthalung Province, Thailand (Maneenoon et al., 2015) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) Siddha Pharmacop. India, Vol. 1 (2008) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacop. (HPUS, 2009) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2019 (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances 2024 (WHO-UMC, 2024) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Croton tiglium Linn.	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Useful Pl. of W Trop. Africa (2015) Unani Pharmacop. India (2007-2008)
Croton tiglium Linne	Korean Pharmacop., 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)
Croton tiglium Linné	Korean Pharmacop., 9th edn. (2007)

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