Plant Details

Accepted name:: Borago officinalis L. [Boraginaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( Medium Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
aakalanalige	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
bee bread	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
bee plant	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
beebread	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
beeplant	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
bhonpathari	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
borage	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Mediterranean Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
borage (starflower) oil, refined	Other	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
borage seed oil	Other	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
boragem	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
boragine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boraginis flos	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boraginis herba	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
borago	Pharmaceutical	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
borago officinalis	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
boragonis officinalis oleum raffinatum	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
borandella	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
boratsino	Other	Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos and Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006)
boretsch	Other	E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
boretschblüten	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
boretschkraut	Other	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994)
borragine	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
borraja	Other	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Guía de Pl. Med. En Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Plts. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene, 2007) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
borraja, flor	Other	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
borrana	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995)
borrega	Other	Guía de Pl. Med. En Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
borretsch	Other	Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994)
bourrache	Other	Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
bugloss	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
burrage	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common borage	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
common bugloss	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cool-tankard	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
cow’s tongue pant	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
dadisha	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
dhaivipatra	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
einjähriger borretsch	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
galajibhi	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gaozaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gaujaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
goazaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojaba	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojika sak	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gojiya	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gul-e-gaozaban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
gurkenkraut	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994)
gurkört	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
kazban	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharaptra	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharaptta	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kharsah	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kozha	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
kozhuppu	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lasanulshur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
lisanussoor	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
paatharee	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
rabo de alacrán	Other	Guía de Pl. Med. En Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
refined borage oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
refined starflower oil	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
shankha huli	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
sojialata	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
starflower	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
starflower oil	Other	Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
taharatulsanulshur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
tale-wort	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
talewort	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999)
yeddunaluka	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
zohr lisan-us-saur	Other	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
seed	refined oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
Leaf, flower		Med. Plts. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene, 2007)
flowering tops, flower		Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000)
seed	refined seed oil	U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016)
Herb		Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007)
aerial part, leaves		Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos and Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006)
leaves, flowers		Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Mediterranean Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009)
flowers, branches		Guía de Pl. Med. En Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020)
flower, herb, seed oil		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
seed	fatty oil	British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008)
seed	fatty oil	European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007)
leaf	dried leaf	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
flower	dried flower	Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001)
seed	Fatty oil obtained from seeds by extraction and/or expression. It is then refined.	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
flores secas		Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 9 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Borago advena Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch., Suppl.: 272 (1782), opus utique oppr.
Borago aspera Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 25 (1782), opus utique oppr.
Borago hortensis L. Fl. Angl.: 12 (1754).
Borago officinalis var. alba Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 351 (1821 publ. 1822).
Borago officinalis var. coerulea Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).
Borago officinalis var. lilacina Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).
Borago officinalis var. saxicola Rouy Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 122 (1888).
Borago officinalis var. stenopetala Ducell. & Maire Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 60 (1928).
Borago officinalis var. variegata Alef. Landw. Fl.: 123 (1866).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Borago officinalis	Conservation of Indonesian Medicinal Plants (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Substances in Medicines, Australia (TGA, 2007)
Borago officinalis L	Food Pl. in Seven Circum-Mediterranean Areas (Hadjichambis et al., 2009)
Borago officinalis L.	Archivos de Flora Iberica (Morales et al., 1996) British Pharmacopoeia 2009, Vol. 4 (2008) British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) Dizionario delle Erbe Med. (Suozzi, 1995) Encyclopedia of Herb. Medicine (Bartram, 1995) European Pharmacopoeia, 6th edn. (2007) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexicanos (2013) Farmacopea Herbolaria Mexico (2001) GRIN Report: World Economic Plants (Wiersema, 1999) Guía de Pl. Med. En Valle de México (Fonseca Chávez et al., 2020) Hagers Handbuch (Hänsel et al., 1992-1998) Herbal Medicines, 3rd edn. (Barnes et al., 2007) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Kräuter Gewürze und Heilpflanzen (Bremness, 1994) Les Plantes Arom. et Med. (Bremness, 1996) Les Plantes Méd. de la Pharmacopée: Liste A (2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Med. Plts. in Loja & Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador (Tene, 2007) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Plants of Econ. Importance (FAO, 1983) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (2015) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015) SOTWP 2016: Plants for Malaria, Plants for Fever (Milliken, 2015) The Plant-Book (Mabberley, 1996) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009) U.S. Pharmacopoeia USP 39 (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) Wild Edible Pls. of Paphos and Larnaca of Cyprus (Della et al., 2006) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012) World Economic Plants (Wiersema et al., 2013)
Borago officinalis Linn.	Unani Pharmacopoeia India (2007-2008)
Borago officinalis Linné	E-Kommission: Approved Status (1984-1994) E-Kommission: Unapproved Status (1984-1994)
Borago ofﬁcinalis L.	Med. Pl. in the Mediterranean: Project Rubia (Gonzalez-Tejero et al., 2008)
Borago oﬃcinalis L.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)

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